. The microscopy of vegetable foods, with special reference to the detection of adulteration and the diagnosis of mixtures . resemble thatof mother cloves; still these are seldom added to spices, and if presentthere is little fear of confusion, as the stone cells and other tissues of thelatter are characteristic. CAPERS. Capers are the flower-buds of a shrub (Capparis spinosa L., orderCapparidacecB), a native of Mediterranean countries, where it is alsoextensively cultivated. The flowers have four green, thickish, toughsepals, inconspicuous delicate petals, numerous stamens, and a stalkedovary
. The microscopy of vegetable foods, with special reference to the detection of adulteration and the diagnosis of mixtures . resemble thatof mother cloves; still these are seldom added to spices, and if presentthere is little fear of confusion, as the stone cells and other tissues of thelatter are characteristic. CAPERS. Capers are the flower-buds of a shrub (Capparis spinosa L., orderCapparidacecB), a native of Mediterranean countries, where it is alsoextensively cultivated. The flowers have four green, thickish, toughsepals, inconspicuous delicate petals, numerous stamens, and a stalkedovary. They are preserved in vinegar and salt, and are much esteemedas a condiment. HISTOLOGY. Sepals. The Epidermis is characterized by the large cells with stri-ated cuticle (Fig. 568), In the Mesophyl are groups of cells containing 640 SPICES AND CONDIMENTS. numerous yellow crystalline needles of a glucoside (rutin) embedded informless masses. These dissolve in alkali to a yellow liquid. Petals. The epidermis consists of smaller cells than those of thesepals, and almost circular stomata. On the inner surface are curious. Fig. 568. Capers {Capparis spinosa). Epidermis of calyx in surface view. (Moeller.) club-shaped hairs (Fig. 569) with irregular constrictions. They areeasily removed by scraping. DIAGNOSIS. Preserved capers should be small,round, and unexpanded. If old they arcsoft and discolored. A bright-green colorindicates that they have been greenedwith copper. The following are adul-erants. German Capers, the llowcr buds ofSpartium scopariiim L. {Papilianaceo)arc i)repared in Holland. They have atwo lipj)cd , |)ai)ili()nateous corolla,ten stamens in a bundle, and a coiledstyle. Flower buds of Marsh Marigold [Cal-Iha paluslris L. RiUnnuuUinu) ha\e theyellow sepals, no petals, and 5-10 pistils.
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookpub, booksubjectplantanatomy
