. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. ORCHIDS AND EUGLOSSINE BEES 391 Compounds Present monoterpenes sesquiterpenes aromatics indole others. monoterpenes sesquiterpenes aromatics indole n-alkanes alkenes dienes acetates diacetates a 1 c o ho 1 s others (usually In spec ies-specif ic combinations) no detectable compounds alkanes alkenes dienes acetates diacetates alcohols others (usually in species- specific combinations, similar to those in hind tibia) Location of Compounds ^^ J&* "* secretion A f leaves, b Y ? r other plant or fungal fruit, bark,
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. ORCHIDS AND EUGLOSSINE BEES 391 Compounds Present monoterpenes sesquiterpenes aromatics indole others. monoterpenes sesquiterpenes aromatics indole n-alkanes alkenes dienes acetates diacetates a 1 c o ho 1 s others (usually In spec ies-specif ic combinations) no detectable compounds alkanes alkenes dienes acetates diacetates alcohols others (usually in species- specific combinations, similar to those in hind tibia) Location of Compounds ^^ J&* "* secretion A f leaves, b Y ? r other plant or fungal fruit, bark, rotting wood biosynthetic rearrangement synthesis of some * Hemolymph (via sequestration?) FIGURE 4. Hypothesized relationships between orchid floral fragrances and compounds occurring in hind tibial organs and mandibular glands of male euglossine bees. See text for discussion. There have been a few reports of male Eufriesea purpurata brushing on surfaces treated with insecticidal sprays (van der Fiji and Dodson, 1966; Dressier, 1967; Roberts et al, 1982). Roberts et al. reported that technical grade DDT, used for malaria control, is an excellent attractant of male Eufriesea purpurata in Amazonas, Brazil. Analysis of the body parts of the bees revealed astonishingly high concen- trations of DDT, especially in the hind legs. It is not clear that DDT is the actual attractant of Ef. purpurata since pure DDT was not tested, but the results confirm that the bees can tolerate doses of DDT tens or hundreds of times greater than most insects. The report by Roberts et al. raises more questions than it answers, but it does suggest that the bees might be able to sequester or metabolize otherwise toxic doses of novel chemicals. Since we still do not understand the role of the mandibular gland secretions in the euglossine life cycle, it is instructive to compare the available data on euglossines. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digital
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Keywords: ., bookauthorlilliefrankrat, booksubjectbiology, booksubjectzoology
