. The principles and practice of surgery. ndPerrys tenacula are used in holding thetissues while denuding the edges; theblunt hook is an exploring instrument,and it is also useful in searching out andlifting embedded sutures. The needlesshould be from one-half to three-quartersof an inch in length, round, largest at theeye, countersunk to receive the thread,and slightly curved near the point. The feeder is used for guiding the sutureand preventing any strain upon the tis-sues in its transit from one side of thefissure to the other. For the purpose ofsecuring the wire in the silk loop, com-mon


. The principles and practice of surgery. ndPerrys tenacula are used in holding thetissues while denuding the edges; theblunt hook is an exploring instrument,and it is also useful in searching out andlifting embedded sutures. The needlesshould be from one-half to three-quartersof an inch in length, round, largest at theeye, countersunk to receive the thread,and slightly curved near the point. The feeder is used for guiding the sutureand preventing any strain upon the tis-sues in its transit from one side of thefissure to the other. For the purpose ofsecuring the wire in the silk loop, com-mon forceps will .answer. The twistingforceps and the shield are employed inadjusting, holding in place, and twistingthe wire home. The shield should bemade of a single piece of plated copper, so that its angle may bechanged if necessary. Wire made from virgin silver is generally employed; but the bestquality of iron wire is quite equal to wire made from coin silver, whichis the kind usually found in the shops. £Tos. 28 and 29 are the sizes. Sims Speculum. UEIKARY FISTULA IN THE FEMALE. 917 required. A sigmoid, self-retaining catheter, made of block-tin, inorder that its curve may be changed at pleasure, is employed by Simsand Emmet. Both of these gentlemen now generally place theirpatients upon the left side, with the knees well flexed upon the abdomen,the left arm thrown behind the back, with the face and chest inclinedforwards toward the table. The edge of the fistula being seized with the tenaculum, a continuousstrip is removed with the scissors, taking care not to include any portionof the mucous membrane of the bladder. The needle, armed with aloop of silk thread, is then introduced upon the sound vaginal mem-brane and brought out so as not to include the mucous membrane ofthe bladder. On the opposite side of the opening the same care istaken not to include the interior surface of the bladder in the the passage of the needle, the surgeon is aided by the tenaculuman


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, booksubjectg, booksubjectsurgery