. The Canadian field-naturalist. 1999 Maude and Di Maio: Benthic Macroinvhriebrate Communitie.'; 587. Figure 1. Map of the study area, showing the locations of sites sampled on the Oak Ridges Moraine. See Table 1 for key to site numbers. O P denotes locations of the three Provincial Water Quality Monitoring Network stations referred to in text. ratory, usually within 24 hours of sampling, and ana- lyzed there using standard methods (MOE 1983). Two investigators each independently collected a benthic sample measuring approximately 1 m- in a riffle area using the kick sampling method; rocks and
. The Canadian field-naturalist. 1999 Maude and Di Maio: Benthic Macroinvhriebrate Communitie.'; 587. Figure 1. Map of the study area, showing the locations of sites sampled on the Oak Ridges Moraine. See Table 1 for key to site numbers. O P denotes locations of the three Provincial Water Quality Monitoring Network stations referred to in text. ratory, usually within 24 hours of sampling, and ana- lyzed there using standard methods (MOE 1983). Two investigators each independently collected a benthic sample measuring approximately 1 m- in a riffle area using the kick sampling method; rocks and sediment on the bottom of the stream were disturbed by foot causing dislodged organisms to drift down- stream into a 900 F|a mesh D-frame net. The two samples were placed into white plastic trays in the field, examined, and the macroinvertebrates were picked from the debris and preserved in 70% ethanol. Picking continued until a total of at least 100 individuals had been collected at the site. For each site, the two benthic macroinvertebrate samples were combined, sorted, and individuals identified to the lowest taxonomic level that could be readily determined: to species for hydropsychids; to genera for Odonata, Coleoptera, Megaloptera, Hemiptera, Plecoptera, Ephemeroptera, remaining Trichoptera, most Diptera, Amphipoda, Isopoda, and Decapoda; to subfamily or tribe for Chironomidae; to family for Simuliidae; to class for Oligochaeta, Gastropoda, Turbellaria, Hirudinea, and Bivalvia; to order for Diplopoda; and to subcohort for Hydrachnidia. Published keys used to identify the organisms included Peckarsky et al. (1990), Pennak (1978), and Merritt and Cummins (1978); unpub- lished keys (R. J. Mackay, University of Toronto, personal communication) were used to identify hydropsychids and chironomids. There are a number of metrics or indices that can be calculated to describe the benthic macroinverte- brate communities sampled using rapid bioassess- ment techniques (Plafkin et al.
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