. The California fruits and how to grow them; a manual of methods which have yielded greatest success, with the lists of varieties best adapted to the differenct districts of the state. Fruit-culture. PRUNING AT DIFFERENT SEASONS 119 blight of disease of any kind, frost injury, or in any form die-back from whatever cause. Such wood is not only of lessened value, but there is also danger of extension of the trouble. Removing such wood and training new wood to take its place should always be in mind. Where cutting of large branches is demanded for any reason it should be remembered that the woun
. The California fruits and how to grow them; a manual of methods which have yielded greatest success, with the lists of varieties best adapted to the differenct districts of the state. Fruit-culture. PRUNING AT DIFFERENT SEASONS 119 blight of disease of any kind, frost injury, or in any form die-back from whatever cause. Such wood is not only of lessened value, but there is also danger of extension of the trouble. Removing such wood and training new wood to take its place should always be in mind. Where cutting of large branches is demanded for any reason it should be remembered that the wounds are most quickly healed and least injury to the tree is to be apprehended if the cutting is done near the beginning of the growing season, and not at the beginning of the dormant Weak tree from ill-spaced branches. TIMES FOR PRUNING Some changes of views have lately prevailed as to the times, within the dormant period, during which winter-pruning can be done to the best advantage. Formerly it was thought to be a vital matter that no cutting should be done until the leaves had fallen, and this is still the prevailing practice, and may prove to be on all accounts the best. Recently, however, pruning in autumn has been quite widely practised. Fall pruning.—There is a time near the end of the active season in California when the foliage changes its aspect. There is no marked change in color, perhaps, but there is a certain limpness and drooping which betokens decided decline in activity. It comes first to the early fruits, the cherries and apricots, for instance, and upon old trees earlier than young ones. The buds are well formed; the season's growth apparently complete. There are no frosts to hasten the fall of the leaf and it remains in place. Does it render any im- portant service? On the conclusion that it does not, many growers begin the winter pruning while the days are longer and the ground dry and firm, rather than delay pruning until the short, dark days and
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