. Elements of railroad track and construction . s, brings the economy of using treated timber withrenewed force to all who are confronted with the cross-tie problem. TABLE IV. Number of Cross-ties Treated. 1907 19,856,000 23,776,000 1909 22,033,000 1910 30,544,000 1911 31,141,000 52. Tie-plates.—^Tie-plates are steel or wrought-iron plates placed between the base of the rail and thetie. Ties are mechanically destroyed by the wear ofthe base of the rail and by being spike killed. Thebase of the rail wears into the tie as shown in Fig. 9,and this action is accompanied by ashattering of th
. Elements of railroad track and construction . s, brings the economy of using treated timber withrenewed force to all who are confronted with the cross-tie problem. TABLE IV. Number of Cross-ties Treated. 1907 19,856,000 23,776,000 1909 22,033,000 1910 30,544,000 1911 31,141,000 52. Tie-plates.—^Tie-plates are steel or wrought-iron plates placed between the base of the rail and thetie. Ties are mechanically destroyed by the wear ofthe base of the rail and by being spike killed. Thebase of the rail wears into the tie as shown in Fig. 9,and this action is accompanied by ashattering of the tie that soon inducesdecay. The cutting of the tie by therail is due to the pressure of the railunder traffic, and the movement of therail, aided by sand and dust, whichcauses a grinding action. The tie-platedistributes the pressure uniformly over a much largerarea, and if properly designed all crushing of the tiewill be eliminated; and the wear will be between therail and the plate. The use of tie-plates is economical only when the tie is. Fig. 9. 46 RAILROAD TRACK AND CONSTRUCTION. n iz; Qa oo ta go52 (N(NcOCOiOiOOOOOTtCOCO^O^Oa5t^ OCO(NOOOO>OCO(;CDTjHcO(M(M Cq_-*^Cq_l>^rH^l> 1> CO lO (N 1-H rH1-^ C^ CO r-^ r-^ r-ILOTfllOCOTtlOOCOCDOO^COCOOO lO CO 00 >0 CO ooeo Til . »o 8 1-HCO 00 co T}H tJH (N 05 00 CooCO tHiO 8 ^ O o lO rHi—ICO cO_^cO_^i-H_oq^T-^T-^(N^O^ oo~i>^»o~o5TjrG(o~or,-r OCOT-ICOrHrtlCqO r-t(MiOcO(M(NCOi-i i-Tcq^co »ooo Ot-I g • CO • -* •00 05 .CO OCOCOOS-^OSOOt^cOOOOTtOCOt^COO iq^Tt< Oi o co^oq^oq_co^05_co^co^-i^ 00 O (M CO lO lO CM 05 ^ 00coco COr cdr-T 1> Tl< CMCM o^ COCO oo s 5b 0 . 0.!h O -^J PERMANENT WAY. 47 soft enough to be worn out by the base of the rail beforeits life would be otherwise ended by decay or would be a usele
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookpublisheretcetc, bookyear191
