. The microscopy of vegetable foods, with special reference to the detection of adulteration and the diagnosis of mixtures . iers et Collin (42); Vogl (45). Beck: Vergl. Anatomic der Samen von Vicia und Ervum. Sitzb. Wiener Akad. 1873, 77. Sempolowski: Ueber den Bau der Schale landwirthschaftlich wichtiger Samen. Landw. Jahrb. 1874, 3, 823. CHINA BEAN. Varieties of Vigna Catjang Walp (F. Sinensis Endl., Dolichos SinensisL.) are grown in the East for their seeds, and in the Southern States as avegetable and for forage and manuring. Although known in America as the cowpea or black pea, the plant
. The microscopy of vegetable foods, with special reference to the detection of adulteration and the diagnosis of mixtures . iers et Collin (42); Vogl (45). Beck: Vergl. Anatomic der Samen von Vicia und Ervum. Sitzb. Wiener Akad. 1873, 77. Sempolowski: Ueber den Bau der Schale landwirthschaftlich wichtiger Samen. Landw. Jahrb. 1874, 3, 823. CHINA BEAN. Varieties of Vigna Catjang Walp (F. Sinensis Endl., Dolichos SinensisL.) are grown in the East for their seeds, and in the Southern States as avegetable and for forage and manuring. Although known in America as the cowpea or black pea, the plant is more cor-rectly a bean, and the names China beanand black-eyed bean in vogue in Europeare appropriate. Black, white with black eyes, yellow,red, brown, and mottled seeded varietiesare in cultivation, the size of the some-what flattened, kidney-shaped seeds varyingfrom 6-10 mm. HISTOLOGY. The Spermoderm (Fig. 198) consists of:(i) a layer of palisade cells {pal) 60-75 /high and 6-18 /« broad; (2) a layer ofcolumn-cells {siih) 9-15 [i high and 9-25 jxbroad; (3) several compressed layers ofspongy parenchyma {p).. Fig. 198. China Ik-an {Vig)ia cat-jdii^q). Outer ])orUon of seed incross section. S spermoderm con-sists of pal palisade cells with /light line, sub hour-glass ceils(subepidermal layer), and p spongyparenchyma; C cotyledon with epepidermis and am starch cells. X160. (WlNTON.) 248 LEGUMES. palsub The Cotyledons (C) contain starch grains much like those of thecommon bean though somewhat smaller (maximum 35 /«). DIAGNOSIS. The China bean has smaller starch grains (Fig. 198, am) than mostof the common legumes. Compared with the large grains of the Limaor the adzuki bean, this characteristic is especially marked. Thespermoderm has much the same structure as in the last-named column cells {suh) are hour-glass-shaped. General Bibliography, pp. 671-674: Harz 18); Tschirch u. Oestcrlc (40). SOY BEAN. Numerous varieties of the soy or soja bea
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