. The pronunciation of English in Scotland . st, t/est, jest, dsest. 117. Voiced point fricative. It is articulated by thetip of the tongue against the teeth ridge, the front partof the tongue being somewhat hollowed (see fig. 8). Itis a substitute with many Scottish speakers for the trilledr before consonants and finally (see § 83). Among manyGaelic speakers a in this position is replaced by theinverted consonant j, a fi:icative r sound pronouncedwith the tip of the tongue turned back towards the hardpalate, jl is used by many speakers after n, a strong trillin such a case giving the imp
. The pronunciation of English in Scotland . st, t/est, jest, dsest. 117. Voiced point fricative. It is articulated by thetip of the tongue against the teeth ridge, the front partof the tongue being somewhat hollowed (see fig. 8). Itis a substitute with many Scottish speakers for the trilledr before consonants and finally (see § 83). Among manyGaelic speakers a in this position is replaced by theinverted consonant j, a fi:icative r sound pronouncedwith the tip of the tongue turned back towards the hardpalate, jl is used by many speakers after n, a strong trillin such a case giving the impression of d, Henry,heiMi, instead of hendri. 118. In words where a long vowel or diphthong isfollowed by this consonant, an intermediate glide soundis heard from many speakers. Thus fear, four, fire, might 44 PHONETICS be written in narrow transcription, fi*J, foj, fair. Thisintermediate sound should never develop into A (see § 150).In our texts we shall write fi:r, fo:r, etc., using the samesymbol r for r (§ 81) or r (§ 83) or Fig. 8. Tongue-positions of the dental fricatives^. J 119. In pronouncing j the air passage is narrowed byraising the front of the tongue so as nearly to touch thehard palate. The sound is voiced and uttered with theminimum of audible friction in Standard Scottish. Thetongue position is only a little higher than that for i (offigs. 5 and 8). The consonant may be described as thevoiced front fricative. For the sake of clearness the mouth has been drawn wide open. Asa matter of fact, in pronouncing s, z and J, 5 the teeth are generallyalmost in contact. THE FRICATIVE CONSONANTS 45 120. Initially it is very often written y as yown^, JAi).Other examples: union, junjan, beauty, bjuti, genius,dsiiijas, ewe, ju:, pure, pju:r, opinion, apinjan. 121. In Standard Scottish there is not the sametendency to change j after t into J and after d into still say netjar and edjuke/an in careftil speechwhere in Southern English are heard more commonlyneit
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