A treatise on orthopedic surgery . Knock-knee and bow-leg. In other instances, especially in the slighter rhachitic de-formities, an outward bowing of the leg mnj accompany a slightdegree of knock-knee, so that it may be difficult to classify thedeformity. In the more extreme deformities of the rhachitic type theshape as well as the contour of the bones is markedly modified,for example, the internal border of the tibia may become very DEFORMITIES OF BONES OF LOWEB EXTEEMITY. 607 prominent at its upper extremity, and may project beneath theskin like an exostosis (Fig. 403). A change in the cont
A treatise on orthopedic surgery . Knock-knee and bow-leg. In other instances, especially in the slighter rhachitic de-formities, an outward bowing of the leg mnj accompany a slightdegree of knock-knee, so that it may be difficult to classify thedeformity. In the more extreme deformities of the rhachitic type theshape as well as the contour of the bones is markedly modified,for example, the internal border of the tibia may become very DEFORMITIES OF BONES OF LOWEB EXTEEMITY. 607 prominent at its upper extremity, and may project beneath theskin like an exostosis (Fig. 403). A change in the contour ofthe fibula accompanies and corresponds to that of the tibia,although it is, as a rule, much less pronounced. As has beenstated, the internal structure or architecture of the affected Fig. Adolescent knock-knee, showing the disappearance of the deformity when legsare flexed. (See Fig. 400.) bones is changed to accommodate the new static conditions, andaccording to Wolff the internal change precedes the externaldeformity. Measurements,—There are various methods of measuring thedeformity. One of the simplest and most practical is to tracethe outlines on paper, while the child is seated with the limbsfully extended, the knees being sufficiently separated to allowthe pencil to pass between them. The increase of the deformity,depending upon the laxity of the ligaments and upon the out-ward rotation of the tibise, may be estimated by measuring thedistance between the two internal malleoli when the patientstands, the knees being slightly separated as before, and com-paring this measurement with that between the similar pointsin the tracing. —In knock-knee due directly to rhachitis thechanges in the bones and in the epiphyseal cartilages are char-acteristic of th
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Keywords: ., bookauthorwhitmanr, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookyear1910
