. The comparative anatomy of the domesticated animals. Veterinary anatomy. 520 RESPIRATORY APPARATUS IN MAMMALIA. separating them varies, in proportion as it is measured at the turbinated bones or at the meatuses. Inner wall.—This is fonned by the nasal septum, and is perfectly smooth. Outer vmlL—This is chiefly constituted by the supermaxillary bone; it is very rugged, and is divided into three meatuses, or passages, by the tui'binated bones—the iiTegular columns applied against the inner face of the before-mentioned bone. The turbinated hones have already been described (p. 73), and we will
. The comparative anatomy of the domesticated animals. Veterinary anatomy. 520 RESPIRATORY APPARATUS IN MAMMALIA. separating them varies, in proportion as it is measured at the turbinated bones or at the meatuses. Inner wall.—This is fonned by the nasal septum, and is perfectly smooth. Outer vmlL—This is chiefly constituted by the supermaxillary bone; it is very rugged, and is divided into three meatuses, or passages, by the tui'binated bones—the iiTegular columns applied against the inner face of the before-mentioned bone. The turbinated hones have already been described (p. 73), and we will only now refer to the principal features in their arrangement. Each is a bony plate rolled upon itself (Fig. 307, 2, 3), and divided, internally, into two sections, the superior of which forms part of the sinus, and the inferior belongs to the nasal fossa; they are continued, inferiorly, by a fibro-cartilaginous framework, which prolongs Fig. TRANSVERSE SECTION OF THE HEAD OF AN OLD HORSE, SHOWING THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE NASAL CAVITIES AND MOUTH. I, 1, Nasal fossae; 2, superior turbinated bone , 3, inferior ditto; 4, median septum of the nose; 5, central part of the buccal cavity (drawn more spacious than it really is when the two jaws are brought together); 6, 6, lateral portions of the same; 7, section of the tongue, showing it filling the lingual canal. their nasal section to the external orifice of the nose. The flexible appendage of the ethmoidal turbinated bone is usually single, sometimes double, and disappears before reaching the alfe of the nose. That of the premaxillary turbinated bone is always bifurcated, and its antero-superior branch is directly continued by the superior extremity of the internal wing of the nostril. The meatuses are distinguished into superior, middle, and inferior, or into anterior, middle, and posterior, as the head is inspected in a vertical or horizontal position. The superior passes along the corresponding border of the ethmoidal
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