. Bulletin of the Natural Histort Museum. Geology series. CHURCHILL AND HOLLIDAY The spinous processes of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae are unremarkable and not particularly robust, similar to the condition observed in the Teviec skeletons (Boule and Vallois, 1937). The transverse processes of the lower thoracic vertebrae are, however, relatively large and robust. The insertion areas for the levator costae muscles and costotransverse ligaments tend to be well marked on the ribs (see below), suggesting some overall robusticity in the thorax of Cheddar Man (at least with respect to
. Bulletin of the Natural Histort Museum. Geology series. CHURCHILL AND HOLLIDAY The spinous processes of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae are unremarkable and not particularly robust, similar to the condition observed in the Teviec skeletons (Boule and Vallois, 1937). The transverse processes of the lower thoracic vertebrae are, however, relatively large and robust. The insertion areas for the levator costae muscles and costotransverse ligaments tend to be well marked on the ribs (see below), suggesting some overall robusticity in the thorax of Cheddar Man (at least with respect to muscles and structures import- ant in respiration). The inferior demi-facets for the rib heads on the centra are quite large in most of the thoracic vertebrae, and tend to form laterally-projecting tubercles with inferiorly directed articular surfaces. The flattening of the left side ventral bodies that usually occurs in thoracic vertebrae 5-8 (from pressure from the aorta) is only slightly apparent in Gough's Cave 1. COSTAL REMAINS (FIG. 7) Descriptions Rib 2 The right second rib is preserved as a mm-long fragment from the neck just proximal of the tubercle to the region of the proximal end of the M. serratus anterior tubercle (the proximal part of the tubercle is apparent). The left second rib is preserved as a mm- long fragment from mid-neck to just distal of the M. serratus anterior tubercle, and the superior surface of the distal half of the fragment is covered with a thin layer of matrix (Fig. 7). The right-side rib has a well developed crest for M. scalenus posterior and a distinct groove on the external edge of the inferior surface for the intercostal muscles and membranes. The M. scale- nus posterior crest is not as strongly developed on the left-side rib (although the difference is slight), but the region just internal of the crest (on the superior surface) is more rugose. The M. serratus anterior crest on the left rib is very weakly developed. A piece of t
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