Knight's American mechanical dictionary : a description of tools, instruments, machines, processes and engineering, history of inventions, general technological vocabulary ; and digest of mechanical appliances in science and the arts . water-courses,gas, or shows of oil are found. If a large vein of oil be struck, the well is imme-diately tubed with 2 or 24 inch pijie, put togetherin sections with couplings. The water from veinsand from the surface is prevented from runningilown the well, outside the pijie, by means of aleathern biig filled with ; the swelling of theseed completi:l3
Knight's American mechanical dictionary : a description of tools, instruments, machines, processes and engineering, history of inventions, general technological vocabulary ; and digest of mechanical appliances in science and the arts . water-courses,gas, or shows of oil are found. If a large vein of oil be struck, the well is imme-diately tubed with 2 or 24 inch pijie, put togetherin sections with couplings. The water from veinsand from the surface is prevented from runningilown the well, outside the pijie, by means of aleathern biig filled with ; the swelling of theseed completi:l3 closes all communication lietweenthe top and bottom of the well outside the tubing. If the vein of oil struck jnove to be large, andthe pressure of gas is sufficient, the oil will flow outwithout the aid of a pump ; but in most cases apump is required, in which case a copper working-barrel is placed at the bot-tom of the well and attached—-_ to the lower section of the tubing, with a valve at thebottom. The upper valve isconnected with a sucker-rod,the end of which is attachedto the end of the walking-beam. The tanks or tubs to re-ceive the oil are mostly madeof wooden staves, but some-times of boiler-iron, and are Fig. OiUFlowmg V,tU. of the drill, by means of a rope, and made fast tothe end of a walking-beam, which is a heavy hori-zontal piece of timber, vil)rating on its axis and sup-porteil by a Samson-post. The other end of thewalking-beam connects with the driving-])ulley \>ymeans of a crank. The engine drives the pulley,the end of the walking-beam rises and falls, givingthe vertical motion to the drill-rod and drill. Atintervals, during the process of drilling, a tool calleda reanpr is inserted into the well, its duty being tobring the bore to the proper size and shape. A sanil-pump is a metallic tube, from 5 to 10 feet in length,and having a valve in the bottom, opening upward-ly. (See Saxd-IUmp.) This sand-pnmp is loweredinto the well at intervals, and when
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