. Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Institution. Archives; Discoveries in science. PARENTAL CARE AMONG FRESH-WATER FISHES. 475 Seba, had already described two species, to which we now add a third. All three live in the waters of Guiana and this is all we know of their ; Not until years later did Prof. Jeffries Wyman, of Harvard Col- lege, give a true explanation of the cause of such excrescences. In an able article in the American Journal of Arts and Sciences he re- viewed the history of opinion and, after giv


. Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Institution; Smithsonian Institution. Archives; Discoveries in science. PARENTAL CARE AMONG FRESH-WATER FISHES. 475 Seba, had already described two species, to which we now add a third. All three live in the waters of Guiana and this is all we know of their ; Not until years later did Prof. Jeffries Wyman, of Harvard Col- lege, give a true explanation of the cause of such excrescences. In an able article in the American Journal of Arts and Sciences he re- viewed the history of opinion and, after giving the description of Valenciennes, remarked that— From the preceding paragraphs it does not appear that Valenciennes had supposed that the so-called " cupules" were intended to contain or had con- tained ova, especially as he had previously expressed the belief that the Aspre- dos, in consequence of the large size of the eggs, were viviparous. The true use of the api)endages in question relates to the development of the eggs, as the following description will show. The habits of the tish are well known to the , from one of whom Mr. Green obtained information with regax'd to their peculiar mode of gestation. After many in- effectual efforts we at last succeeded in procuring the specimens on which the following observations were made, and Mr. Green has kindly presented to me some very fine ones from his own collection, with- out which this notice would have been much less complete.'J In the month of .June the eggs are found adhering to the underside of the body, to the ventral and pec- toral fins, and extend as far forward as the under lip and as far backward as the middle of the tail [fig. .]. In some, however, the distribution is much more limited. I was unable to learn anything with regard to the transfer of the ova from the genital orifice to the point of their attachment. The only organ which seems in any way adapted to such a purpose is the slend


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