. The steam-engine and other heat-motors . Fig. 128.—Alberger Barometric Condenser. Syphon, Ejector, or Injector Condensers.—A remarkable degreeof vacuum may be obtained, without the use of an air-pump, bymeans of condensers of the form shown in Fig. 127. Its most im-portant and essential feature is a suction-gill, so arranged thatthe steam, vapor, and air may be drawn into the discharge- CONDENSERS AND AIR-PUMPS. 239 water. This action is due to the high velocity of the water enteringthe contracted orifice above the gill, and since the sum of thestatic, velocity, and friction heads must be co
. The steam-engine and other heat-motors . Fig. 128.—Alberger Barometric Condenser. Syphon, Ejector, or Injector Condensers.—A remarkable degreeof vacuum may be obtained, without the use of an air-pump, bymeans of condensers of the form shown in Fig. 127. Its most im-portant and essential feature is a suction-gill, so arranged thatthe steam, vapor, and air may be drawn into the discharge- CONDENSERS AND AIR-PUMPS. 239 water. This action is due to the high velocity of the water enteringthe contracted orifice above the gill, and since the sum of thestatic, velocity, and friction heads must be constant, it is evidentthat if the velocity-head is increased the static head will be de-creased. In tests made with an injector-condenser of this type in winterin New York the condenser pressures varied from pound to. Fig. 127. pounds absolute, the engine varying from 340 to 1004 objection to this condenser, when used with variable loads, isthat the same volume of water is required to fill the throat regard-less of the load. Surface-condensers. — The Alberger condenser (Fig. 128) hasseveral unique features. The exhaust-steam enters either at thebottom or at the side near the bottom. The cooling-water entersat the top and leaves at the bottom. The object of this arrange-ment is to obtain a full counter-current transfer of heat. Thesteam as it rises is condensed, and the water thus produced fallsdown against the incoming steam and is removed by a hot-well 240 THE STEAM-ENGINE AND OTHER HEAT-MOTORS. pump. On account of this intimate contact the feed-water acquiresthe same temperature as the steam. The air left after condensa-tion, before being withdrawn by the dry-air pump is cooled bypassing over the tubes containing the coldest circulation water. In the lower part of the condenser-sh
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