. Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy. Anatomy. 1372 SUKFACE AND SUEGICAL ANATOMY. or the posterior wall. The rnuco-periosteal lining, which readily strips from the bone, is thin and pale, and provided with mucous-secreting glands. In many individuals, by the aid of trans-illumination, the extent of the sinuses and the position of the intervening septum may be mapped out upon the forehead. For this Crista Galli Septum of frontal sinuses Right frontal sinus Left frontal sinus Floor of anterior fossa of skull Anterior part of roof of orbit. Anterior extremity of middle concha Cartilage of nasal se
. Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy. Anatomy. 1372 SUKFACE AND SUEGICAL ANATOMY. or the posterior wall. The rnuco-periosteal lining, which readily strips from the bone, is thin and pale, and provided with mucous-secreting glands. In many individuals, by the aid of trans-illumination, the extent of the sinuses and the position of the intervening septum may be mapped out upon the forehead. For this Crista Galli Septum of frontal sinuses Right frontal sinus Left frontal sinus Floor of anterior fossa of skull Anterior part of roof of orbit. Anterior extremity of middle concha Cartilage of nasal septum Anterior extremity of inferior concha' Nasal process of maxilla Ala nasi Fig. 1078.—Vertical Frontal Section through the Nose and Frontal Sinuses. purpose a small electric lamp is placed against the floor of the sinus, beneath the medial third of the supra-orbital margin. The skiagraphic appearances of the frontal sinuses are of importance clinically and give more information than trans-illumination. Antero-posterior skiagrams show the vertical extent of the sinus, the degree of asymmetry, and the presence or absence of recesses with their intervening septum. An orbital expansion is indicated by a well- defined shadow with a sharply-defined upper margin, extending laterally parallel to and immediately above the medial half or more of the supra-orbital margin. A profile skiagram shows not only the height of the sinuses but also their antero-posterior diameter, as well as the degree to which they extend backwards between the roof of the orbit and the floor of the anterior fossa of the skull. While it is exceptional to meet wdth frontal sinuses before the age of five years, they are almost invariably present by the seventh or eighth year. In exploring the sinus, the opening in the bone should be made close to the median plane, immediately above the root of the nose. In marked cases of deviation of the septum one sinus may extend so far across the medial plane of the forehea
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