interview between the empress matilda and queen maud Empress Matilda, also known as Matilda of England or Maude (c. 7 February 1
Empress Matilda, also known as Matilda of England or Maude (c. 7 February 1102 – 10 September 1167) was the daughter and heir of King Henry I of England. Matilda and her younger brother, William Adelin, were the only legitimate children of King Henry. Her brother died young, leaving Matilda as the last heir from the paternal line of her grandfather William the Conqueror. As a child, Matilda was betrothed to Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor. From her marriage to Henry, she acquired the title Empress. The couple had no known children. When widowed, she was married to Geoffrey of Anjou, by whom she became the mother of three sons, the eldest of whom became King Henry II of England. Matilda was the first female ruler of the Kingdom of England. However the length of her effective rule was quite brief — a few months in 1141 - and she was never crowned and failed to consolidate her rule (legally and politically). Because of this she is normally excluded from lists of English monarchs, and her rival (and cousin) Stephen of Blois is routinely listed as monarch for the period 1135-1154. Their warring rivalry for the throne led to years of unrest and civil war in England that have been called The Anarchy. She did secure her inheritance of the Duchy of Normandy — through the military feats of her husband Geoffrey — and she campaigned unstintingly for her oldest son's inheritance, living to see him ascend the throne in 1154.
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