. General surgical pathology and therapeutics, in fifty-one lectures .. . as the types of collateral circula-tion: 1. Direct collateral circulation is established; i. e., there arestrongly-developed vessels, which pass from the central end of theartery directly to the peripheral end. These uniting vessels are Fig. 33. chiefly the dilated vasa vasorum,and the vessels of the thrombus;it might happen that one ofthese uniting vessels should di-late so much as to acquire theappearance of being simply thetrunk regenerated. 2. There is an indirect col-lateral circulation; i. e., theconnecting branche
. General surgical pathology and therapeutics, in fifty-one lectures .. . as the types of collateral circula-tion: 1. Direct collateral circulation is established; i. e., there arestrongly-developed vessels, which pass from the central end of theartery directly to the peripheral end. These uniting vessels are Fig. 33. chiefly the dilated vasa vasorum,and the vessels of the thrombus;it might happen that one ofthese uniting vessels should di-late so much as to acquire theappearance of being simply thetrunk regenerated. 2. There is an indirect col-lateral circulation; i. e., theconnecting branches of the nextlateral arteries are greatly di-lated, as in the following case,Fig. 33. The most striking examplesof both varieties of collateralcirculation have here been cho-sen ; but when you examine thenumerous sketches of JPorta,and yourselves repeat these ex-periments, you will find that inmost cases direct and indirectcollateral circulation are com-bined, so the only value of theclassification is to group thedifferent forms in some way. It is an excellent anatomi-. Femoral artery of a large dog, injected 3 mouthsafter ligatioii. After Porta. CIRCULATION AFTER LIGATION. 129 cal exercise, to represent for yourselves how, after ligation of thedifferent arteries of one or both extremities, or of the trunk, theblood will reach the parts beyond the point of ligation ; in this youwould be well assisted by the plates of arterial anastomosis in Krausestext-book of anatomy. In the surgery of old Conrad Martin Lan-genbeck, these conditions are carefully described in the chapter onaneurisms. The reversal of the blood-current, which not unfrequentlytakes place in these collateral circulations, occurs with wonderfulrapidity, when the anastomoses are free; if, for instance, we ligate thecommon carotid in a man, and then divide the artery beyond the liga-ture, the blood escapes with great force from the peripheral end, thatis, backward as from a vein. In all such cases, where the artery t
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