The making of the American nation; a history for elementary schools . th-out the means of transporting their products to the various mar-kets of the world they had but little value. Provision must bemade for — The rapid and prompt movement of crops from the farms to East-ern markets and the Atlantic shipment of the surplus food-stuffs and cotton to Europe and to other foreign importation of such foreign and domestic articles as couldnot be economically made in the Southern and first of these provisions was essential in developing the agri-cultural res
The making of the American nation; a history for elementary schools . th-out the means of transporting their products to the various mar-kets of the world they had but little value. Provision must bemade for — The rapid and prompt movement of crops from the farms to East-ern markets and the Atlantic shipment of the surplus food-stuffs and cotton to Europe and to other foreign importation of such foreign and domestic articles as couldnot be economically made in the Southern and first of these provisions was essential in developing the agri-cultural resources of the West and the South. The second was 374 INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT 375 needed to stimulate foreign commerce. The third would insurereturn cargoes to both the railway and the ocean-carrying com-panies and make lower rates of traffic. In part these industrial needs had been met before the CivilWar, but it had not been economically done. It could not bethoroughly done while all the energies of the country were benton the settlement of the internal The Works A Trunk Railway Line. Connecting Industrial Centers. — After the Civil War was over,the first thing to adjust in industrial matters was the question ofrailway transportation. Like the English and theFrench railways, those in America were originally ^av linesbuilt for local traffic; the making of trunk lines, orlong lines connecting industrial centers, was no part of the designof the builders. As late as 1843, twenty-five hours of travelingwith four changes of cars was the fate of a passenger from Albanyto Buffalo, and he paid $11 in fares for the journey. One of the first steps toward the consolidation of short localrailways into trunk lines was accomplished by Cornelius Vander-bilt. Most of the short lines of New York were hopelessly indebt; some of them were bankru])t. Vanderbilt purchased them,one after another. He first obtained possession of the short linesnorth of New York City; these he orga
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