. Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11. Forests and forestry. Fij?. 41. WHITE OAK AND I'INK LOHS ATTACKED JiY FIJNCJI The White Oak h»j;s in forcgnmiMl artacUcd hy .*> (litfcrciit siiceics of fuiiffi. t'nt about 8 months before i)h(»tograi»liing. 'JMie vahie has depreciated with ex- posure and fungous Fig. 42. RESULT OF DESTRUCTIVE FOREST EXPLOITATION Denuded liillsides covered with a dense growtli of ;;rass, which practically prevents the establishment <»f a forest growth. Tioga county, Fa. 27 ing the danger season, the construction of fire towers, telephone l
. Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11. Forests and forestry. Fij?. 41. WHITE OAK AND I'INK LOHS ATTACKED JiY FIJNCJI The White Oak h»j;s in forcgnmiMl artacUcd hy .*> (litfcrciit siiceics of fuiiffi. t'nt about 8 months before i)h(»tograi»liing. 'JMie vahie has depreciated with ex- posure and fungous Fig. 42. RESULT OF DESTRUCTIVE FOREST EXPLOITATION Denuded liillsides covered with a dense growtli of ;;rass, which practically prevents the establishment <»f a forest growth. Tioga county, Fa. 27 ing the danger season, the construction of fire towers, telephone lines, roads, fire-lanes, compartment lines, and the proper disposal of com- bustible material, help to minimize the fire danger. The damage which man does in the forest is very noticeable to his fellowman, while that done by other agents often goes unnoticed. Due to the development of our biological sciences in the receut past we are beginning to appreciate the extent of the damage done by such agents as insects and fungi. The organic agencies which damage the forests are plants or ani- mals. The principal types of plants which do damage to the forest or to the products of the forest are parasitic flow'ering plants, as the mistletoe, and fungi which cause the decay of wood. The extent of damage which fungi do to trees as well as construction timber is usually underrated. They may be found upon living or dead trees, stumps, logs, railroad ties, and construction timber in bridges, houses and barns (Figs. 38-41). The Chestnut-Bark disease is an example of a parasitic fungous disease which attacks the Chestnut tree. It is now found in all parts of Pennsylvania. The Chestnut tree is doomed for in a few years no Chestnut trees of commercial size will remain in the State. Many different kinds of animals do damage to the forest. Domes- tic animals, as cattle, sheep, goats, and hogs, and wild vertebrates, as deer, rabbits, squirrels, mice, and beavers, are among the most im- portant
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