. Applied thermodynamics for engineers. ACTUAL Fig. 147. Art. 328. — Throttled Suctiou. as in Fig. 148. Excessive obstruc-tion in the suction passages de-creases the capacity of the engine,in a way already suggested in thestudy of air compressors (Art. 224). 329. Diagram Factor. The discussion of Art. 309 to serves to show why thework area of any actual dia-gram must always be less thanthat of the ideal diagram forthe same cylinder, as given inFig. 122. The ratio of thetwo is called the diagram factor. The area of the ideal card would constantly increase ascompression increased ; that
. Applied thermodynamics for engineers. ACTUAL Fig. 147. Art. 328. — Throttled Suctiou. as in Fig. 148. Excessive obstruc-tion in the suction passages de-creases the capacity of the engine,in a way already suggested in thestudy of air compressors (Art. 224). 329. Diagram Factor. The discussion of Art. 309 to serves to show why thework area of any actual dia-gram must always be less thanthat of the ideal diagram forthe same cylinder, as given inFig. 122. The ratio of thetwo is called the diagram factor. The area of the ideal card would constantly increase ascompression increased ; that of the actual card soon reaches a limitin this respect; and, consequently, in general, the diagram factordecreases as compression increases. Variations in excellence ofdesign are also responsible for variations of diagram Fig. Ii8. Art. 328. — Late Closing ofSuction Valve. 90 - 65 Gasolene Vapor Natural and Illuminating GasesMond Producer Gas ^ ^ ^ -^ ^ ^ Fig ires >a C arve3 S ^. ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ De 0 notef En sine f- ^ .-^ ^ ^ ^ ^ -^ > ■^ s^ ^ ^^ ^ ^% ^^ r ,,-- ■- ^ ^ -^ ^ A ^ S ^ ^^ -^ ^ ^ ..^ r- ,# .*^ ^>^ ,,. - ^ ^ P ^ S h^ ^^ ..>?^ ■^ ^ -1^ a 50 .^ ^ ^,. - - ^ ^ ^^ ^ .^ ■10 - ^ ,^ > ^ ^^ ^ ..^ .^ >^ ^ ^ ,^ ,^ ^^ > ^^ ^ ^ -^ ^^ 65 160 75 85 100 115 130 145 Absolute Pressure at the End of Compression, 148a. Art. 329.—Maximum Mean Effective Pressures Realized in Practice. 232 APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS In the best recorded tests, its value has ranged from to ; inordinary practice, the values given by Lucke (30) are as follows: forkerosene, if previously vaporized and compressed, 0 30 to , if injectedon a hot tube, 0£0; for gasoline, to ; for producer gas, t
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