. The comparative anatomy of the domesticated animals. Veterinary anatomy. MUSCLES OF THE TRUNK. 243 Fig. 116. _ Form, Structure, and Attachments of the aponeurosis.—The aponeurosis is irregularly triangular, and formed of nacrous-looking fibres, which are directed like the muscular fibres, and cross in X fashion the aponeurotic fibres of the external oblique. It succeeds the an- tero-inferior border of the muscular por- tion, and is separated, superiorly, into several digitations which reach the in- ternal face of the last asternal cartilages. Throughout the whole extent of its in- ternal bor
. The comparative anatomy of the domesticated animals. Veterinary anatomy. MUSCLES OF THE TRUNK. 243 Fig. 116. _ Form, Structure, and Attachments of the aponeurosis.—The aponeurosis is irregularly triangular, and formed of nacrous-looking fibres, which are directed like the muscular fibres, and cross in X fashion the aponeurotic fibres of the external oblique. It succeeds the an- tero-inferior border of the muscular por- tion, and is separated, superiorly, into several digitations which reach the in- ternal face of the last asternal cartilages. Throughout the whole extent of its in- ternal border it is fixed to the white line. Relations.—This muscle is covered by the external oblique. The aponeuroses of the two muscles, which are merely superposed outwardly, are blended in- wardly in so intimate a manner that it might be thought their respective fasci- culi were woven into each other. The small oblique covers the great straight and the transverse muscles. Action.—This muscle, a congener of the preceding, compresses the abdominal viscera, depresses the last ribs, and causes the flexion, either direct or lateral, of the vertebral column. The retractor muscle of ike last rib.— This small muscle, flattened on each side, and triangular in form, originates by aponeurotic fibres from the summits of the first two or three transverse processes of the lumbar region. It terminates on the posterior border of the last rib. Covered by the last digitation of the pos- terior serratus and by the great oblique, it covers in turn the transverse muscle of the abdomen. In contracting it draws j, „,i, oTtliTgreat oblique; 2, the last rib backwards, and fixes it in Muscular portion of the small oblique that position, in order to permit the ex- piratory action of the internal intercostal muscles. It therefore plays the same part, in regard to these muscles, that the scalenus does to the external intercostal muscles (Fig. 106, 17). 5. Great Rectus Muscle of the Abdomen. (Figs. 105
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