. Elementary textbook of economic zoology and entomology. Zoology; Insect pests. 448 ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY AND ENTOMOLOGY after hatching. Kerosene emulsion or whale-oil soap or other sprays may be used just after the young hatch as they are very easily killed before they are protected by the scale. The Scurfy-scale (Chionaspis furfura).—This scale is very common on apple and pear trees, but may also attack cherry, peach, plum and many other trees. The scale of the adult fe- male is whitish or dirty gray, flat, and irregu- larly ovate. The yellow exuvium is at the narrowed anterior end. The scale of
. Elementary textbook of economic zoology and entomology. Zoology; Insect pests. 448 ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY AND ENTOMOLOGY after hatching. Kerosene emulsion or whale-oil soap or other sprays may be used just after the young hatch as they are very easily killed before they are protected by the scale. The Scurfy-scale (Chionaspis furfura).—This scale is very common on apple and pear trees, but may also attack cherry, peach, plum and many other trees. The scale of the adult fe- male is whitish or dirty gray, flat, and irregu- larly ovate. The yellow exuvium is at the narrowed anterior end. The scale of the male is snow white, and elongate with the sides nearly parallel. The males and the females usually occur on different branches. They pass the winter in the egg stage and so are controlled by the same methods as are recommended for the oyster-shell scale. The European Fruit Lecanium (Lecanium corui}.—There are several species of scale- insects that belong to the group commonly known as Lecaniums, but as they are similar in appearance and habits only one species will be described. L. corni was formerly known under many different names as it varies somewhat in appearance under dif- ferent conditions and on different host plants. In many regions it is usually known as the plum-scale. In the west it is commonly known as the brown apricot-scale. It is usually quite convex, sometimes almost hemi- spherical, but often oval or even pointed at one or both ends. The color varies from light brown to dark brown, a medium reddish- brown being perhaps the prevailing color. The surface is usually shiny and often marked by fuscous transverse or longitudinal markings and irregular pits. The young insects may be found on the twigs and branches of the tree during the winter time, as it passes the winter in the im- mature stage. Any large apparently full-grown scales which may be found during the winter are the remains of the dead. FIG. 212.—The European fruit Lecanium, L. corni, on twin
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