. A treatise on artificial limbs with rubber hands and feet ... No. 512. tion with the leg. The core was entirely surrounded with sponge rub-ber, with the greater quantity at the heel and toe. The rubber, beingsponged, possessed a great degree of compressibility, and would yieldunder the weight of the wearer; so much so that when the weight wasapplied at the heel, the compression would be so great as to allow thetoe to gracefully reach the ground. At the ball there was less rubber,so as to provide phalangeal support and the wearer be made consciousthat there was something iu front of his leg t
. A treatise on artificial limbs with rubber hands and feet ... No. 512. tion with the leg. The core was entirely surrounded with sponge rub-ber, with the greater quantity at the heel and toe. The rubber, beingsponged, possessed a great degree of compressibility, and would yieldunder the weight of the wearer; so much so that when the weight wasapplied at the heel, the compression would be so great as to allow thetoe to gracefully reach the ground. At the ball there was less rubber,so as to provide phalangeal support and the wearer be made consciousthat there was something iu front of his leg that would support himwhen standing, keep him from limping when walking, and act as alever for propulsion. All the virtues of the rubber foot were combined in this model, sofar as helpfulness in walking, safety, ease, comfort, and naturalnesswere concerned, but the foot was not as durable as the improved feetwhich have been devised since then. Those wearers who bore heavily. No. 513. on the toes or were obliged to carry weighty articles, and subjected thefront parts of their feet to severe and continuous pressure, would findthe toes of their rubber feet becoming set and turned upward. Whenthis was discovered Mr. Marks set about to improve the foot, and suc-ceeded in doing so in an admirable manner. Cut No. 513 representsthe rubber foot as improved. In general construction the foot was thesame as that which preceded it, differing from it, however, in the fact 24 A. A. MARKS, ARTIFICIAL LIMBS, NEW YORK CITY. that the new foot was fortified at the toes by several layers of canvaswhich were chemically cemented to layers of rubber and attached to thefront part of the block, extending forward to the ends of the toes. This foot has been properly called the laminated foot. The pres-ence of the alternating- layers of rubber and canvas gave the toesgreater life, more resilience, and forced the foot to return to its propershape with more certainty. Feet constructed
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