Diseases of the nervous system .. . iet Breathing. Speech Respiration. Quiet Breathing. Fig. 145.—Diagram showing the normal process of speech in man, taken with the Gutzmann-Oehmecke girdle pneumograph. I, inspiration. E, expiration. and inhibitive, in part a reflex effect upon speech. We foimd these prolifera-tions—and I have included only those cases in which they were large enoughto protrude above the upper choanal border and thereby visibly hindered res-piration—in per cent, of the cases, that is about three times as frequently CENTRAL DISTURBANCES: STAMMERING 337 as among normal sch
Diseases of the nervous system .. . iet Breathing. Speech Respiration. Quiet Breathing. Fig. 145.—Diagram showing the normal process of speech in man, taken with the Gutzmann-Oehmecke girdle pneumograph. I, inspiration. E, expiration. and inhibitive, in part a reflex effect upon speech. We foimd these prolifera-tions—and I have included only those cases in which they were large enoughto protrude above the upper choanal border and thereby visibly hindered res-piration—in per cent, of the cases, that is about three times as frequently CENTRAL DISTURBANCES: STAMMERING 337 as among normal school-children. I do not intend by this statement to main-tain that adenoid vegetations are the cause of stammering, for if this wereactually the case there would be more stammerers. But they secondarily causean impediment in speech acting on a neuropathic predisposition. Such im-pediments occur only in those persons who are very susceptible to irritationswhich in normal persons would produce no reaction! We frequently Quiet Respiration. Marked Stuttering. Quiet Respiration. Fig. 146.—Stuttering in a girl, aged 21. Taken with the Gutzmann-Oehmecke girdle pneumograph. and this may be done l)y any one who has practical experience in disturliancesof speech, that an acute coryza during the course of treatment will cause asevere relapse in a stammerer. That this relapse is a reflex phenomenon isobvious from the fact that in some cases it may at once l)e relieved by cocain-izing the nose. It is impossible for me to give a better illustration of thefact that in persons who stutter the wave of irritation is more deeply situatedthan in normal persons, that, accordingly, tliey must be regarded as nervousor neurasthenic with a neuropathic predisposition. By plugging the nose withcotton, I have in some cases succeeded in reproducing the stuttering in a fewminutes. We may here observe what is almost a parallel between stutteringand astliuia as reflex phenomena. Symptoms.—T
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