. The encyclopædia of geography: comprising a complete description of the earth, physical, statistical, civil, and political. on neighbours, endeavoured to defendthemselves by a lengthened/esse, of which the traces have been supposed to remain in theCatrail or Picts-work Ditch, drawn across the counties of Selkirk and Roxburgh. -Suchfeeble defences could not support a sinking monarchy; in 757, Alcluj^d was taken by theSaxons, and the kingdom subverted. The Scots, before this time, had come from Ireland, their original seat, which, in the fourthcentury, was often called Scotland. Even before th
. The encyclopædia of geography: comprising a complete description of the earth, physical, statistical, civil, and political. on neighbours, endeavoured to defendthemselves by a lengthened/esse, of which the traces have been supposed to remain in theCatrail or Picts-work Ditch, drawn across the counties of Selkirk and Roxburgh. -Suchfeeble defences could not support a sinking monarchy; in 757, Alcluj^d was taken by theSaxons, and the kingdom subverted. The Scots, before this time, had come from Ireland, their original seat, which, in the fourthcentury, was often called Scotland. Even before the departure df the Romans, the Scots,joined with the Picts, are mentioned as the ravagers of defenceless Britain. They appear atone time to have baen driven back into Ireland; but in .503 they again landed in Cantyre,and durmg the next four centuries, spread gradually over the kingdom. At length under the\aetorious reign of Kenneth, which commenced in 836, they wrested the sceptre from Wredthe Pictish kmg, and established supreme sway over the whole of that country, which, fromtliem, was ever afterwards called Camp at Ardoch. Book I. SCOTLAND. 409 The Scoto-Saxon era, as j\Ir. Chalmers calls it, is memorable rather for an insensiblezlmnge, than for any sudden revolution. After the subversion of the kingdom of Strath-cluyd, by the Saxons, that people had colonized and filled the whole south; and the Scottishkings, thoug-h of Celtic , having established themselves in this more fertile part of theirterritories, soon began to imbibe the spirit of its occupants. From this or other causes thewhole lowlands of Scotland is in language and manners Teutonic, and the Gael or Celtswere again confined within their mountain boundary. An era of disputed succession arose out of the contending claims of Bruce and Baliol,after the death of Margaret of Norway. Edward I., availing himself of this dissension,succeeded in introducing himself under the character of an arbiter, and
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