. Europe and other continents . carvingsconvey messages. 88 GENERAL GEOGRAPHY Inventions. — Even the lowest races are gifted with,some ingenuity and power of invention. The savage hunt-ers of the forest make the bow, arrow, and spear (Figs. 5Qand 61). Most if not all races know the use of fire and how to make pottery-making is com-mon to all partsof the earth. Farming hasbeen responsiblefor many inven-tions — the im-plements forloosening theground (), for i3lant-ing, for reaping,for employingbeasts of burden,including theharness itself,being good ex-amples. Fishinghas also given
. Europe and other continents . carvingsconvey messages. 88 GENERAL GEOGRAPHY Inventions. — Even the lowest races are gifted with,some ingenuity and power of invention. The savage hunt-ers of the forest make the bow, arrow, and spear (Figs. 5Qand 61). Most if not all races know the use of fire and how to make pottery-making is com-mon to all partsof the earth. Farming hasbeen responsiblefor many inven-tions — the im-plements forloosening theground (), for i3lant-ing, for reaping,for employingbeasts of burden,including theharness itself,being good ex-amples. Fishinghas also given rise to many ingenious devices, especially inthe demand for boats. Some boats are of bark, as amongthe Indians ; or of skin, as among the Eskimos, where barkis absent ; or of hollowed logs, as in many parts of theworld. In time the small, open boats (Fig. 70) were re-placed by larger, covered vessels (Fig. 71); and finallyhuge ships have been made of steel. As to motivepower, oars and paddles (Fig. 67) were first used, then. Fig. 70. A boat with an outrigger to prevent capsizingwaiian Islands. •Ha- THE HUMAN RACE 89 the wind was called into service (Fig. 71), and finallysteam. Ships are one of mans most important inven-tions. Why ? Of whatservice have printing,gunpowder, steam, elec-tricity, and labor-savingmachinery been in ad-vancing civilization ? Civilized man, instead ofdepending upon wild plantsand animals for food andclothing, has learned tocultivate the choicest ofplants. He has tamed anddomesticated many speciesof animals, too, and usedthem not merely as a sourceof food but also as an aid inhis work. More than this,he has learned to controlsome of the forces of nature and has caused them to do hiswork in an improved fashion. The result of it all is that thou-sands of people are able to live where only one could exist in thenatural state. For example, while in some parts of the tropicsthere is an average of but one savage for every twenty-foursquare miles, there a
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