France . which is designated by the name of period witnessed an outburst of church-building,from Aries to Chartres, from Cluny to Caen, in stylesslightly varying according to the exact decade and localityof the edifice. About 1150 was accomplished the supremeachievement of French sculpture, the Royal Porch ofChartres, executed by sculptors influenced by the Byzan-tine art which the Crusades had brought closer home, andfulfilluig the reasoned object of medieval masons, which 80 FRANCE was to illustrate to the gazing, illiterate crowd withoutwhat the Book of Grod preached by word and


France . which is designated by the name of period witnessed an outburst of church-building,from Aries to Chartres, from Cluny to Caen, in stylesslightly varying according to the exact decade and localityof the edifice. About 1150 was accomplished the supremeachievement of French sculpture, the Royal Porch ofChartres, executed by sculptors influenced by the Byzan-tine art which the Crusades had brought closer home, andfulfilluig the reasoned object of medieval masons, which 80 FRANCE was to illustrate to the gazing, illiterate crowd withoutwhat the Book of Grod preached by word and paintedwindow within. The great Gothic cathedrals were not the work of oneman, but of a nation in love with building, inspired bythe wonder and beauty of glass and stone strung togetherinto one perfect organism. They are the manifestationsof a whole peoples spiritual and artistic ideal, stirred bya noble impulse and supremely realized. It is not byaccident that they achieved their perfection in this ON THE WALLS OF CARCASSONNE. In the masonry of this remarkable old city of Southern France the history of the country isvisualized in a remarkable fashion. The lowest of the three clearly marked periods is Roman(fourth century), above is the work of the Visigoths, and the highest is medieval (eleventh andtwelfth centuries). VII LOUIS VI. (THE FAT) AND PHILIPPE AUGU8TE—THE ALBIGENSIAN CRUSADE 1108—1226 0WTNG to Philippes quarrel with the Papacy, Louis VI.,his son by his first wife Bertha, though associated withhim in the crown, was not consecrated by the Church ;but his vigorous and successful resistance to the attacksof the Anglo-Normans in Vexin, and to brigandage ingeneral, had already proved him fit to reign (1108). By his constant duels with petty feudalism, his pro-tection of the poor, the weak, and the clergy, Louis VI.,le Gros (the Fat), secured the grateful memory of hispeople, and laid the foundations of a popular monarchy,based upon benevolent justice and t


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookpublisherlondo, bookyear1913