Ecuador : its ancient and modern history, topography and natural resources, industries and social development . littleimportance was attached to them. They formed attimes a convenient stopping-place for whalers andpirates, but until the year 1832 no attempt atcolonization was made. All the principal islandsbear English names, which were probably given tothem by buccaneers—viz., Albemarle, Indefatigable,Narborough, James, and Chatham, the largest ex-tending from the Equator to one degree south ; threesmall ones, of Abingdon, Bindloe, and Tower, lyingnorth of the Equator, and of Charles, or Flor
Ecuador : its ancient and modern history, topography and natural resources, industries and social development . littleimportance was attached to them. They formed attimes a convenient stopping-place for whalers andpirates, but until the year 1832 no attempt atcolonization was made. All the principal islandsbear English names, which were probably given tothem by buccaneers—viz., Albemarle, Indefatigable,Narborough, James, and Chatham, the largest ex-tending from the Equator to one degree south ; threesmall ones, of Abingdon, Bindloe, and Tower, lyingnorth of the Equator, and of Charles, or Floreana,and Hood, south of the first degree. There are; 300 ECUADOR generally enumerated thirteen islands, including thosesof Barrington, Duncan, and Jervis. In addition,,there are numerous islets surrounding the larger,two of which, Wenman and Culpepper, lie twenty-seven leagues north-west of Abingdon. The totallength of the archipelago, from Chatham to Nar-borough, is fifty-three leagues, and the breadth, fromFloreana to Abingdon, forty-one leagues, so thatthe islands are distributed over an ocean area of. more than 2,000 square leagues. Albemarle hasan area of 138 square leagues, Indefatigable33, Narborough 21, James, or Santiago, 18 J,Chatham 14, and Floreana 4J. The archi-pelago was annexed by Ecuador in 1832, andFloreana, or Charles Island, was founded by theEcuadorian general Villamil, who named it in honourof Juan Jos6 Flores, President of the republic. Later,in the nineteenth century, the Congress of Ecuadorchanged the names of the islands, renewing in part THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS 301 the designations given thereto by the Spanishdiscoverers. The formation of the islands is, geologically,recent, since the Tertiary period. More than 2,000volcanic craters, according to Darwin, are foundtherein, a few of which are stated to be active,which argues a volcanic formation for the central cones reach only 100 to 170 feetelevation above sea-level. In some places the gr
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