. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. East Greenland Umiak, drawn from measurements taken off by a Army officer in 1945. gunwale ends lengthened by pieces shaped \ery much like the projecting gunwales of the Malay prah. Some show extreme rake at the bow like that of the Koryak umiak but without the rounded gun- wale ends. It is impossible to estimate how far the western Alaska umiak model has been aflected by the early Russian traders in this area, but it is quite certain that the use of oars can be traced to this influence. The full-sized umiaks, and models and photographs
. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. East Greenland Umiak, drawn from measurements taken off by a Army officer in 1945. gunwale ends lengthened by pieces shaped \ery much like the projecting gunwales of the Malay prah. Some show extreme rake at the bow like that of the Koryak umiak but without the rounded gun- wale ends. It is impossible to estimate how far the western Alaska umiak model has been aflected by the early Russian traders in this area, but it is quite certain that the use of oars can be traced to this influence. The full-sized umiaks, and models and photographs, from the Bering Strait area give no real clues to the possible parentage or direction of spread of the Alaskan umiak types. Occasional details in fittings or construction, such as the gun- wale extensions mentioned, seem to duplicate details in primitive Asiatic craft, but the evidence is too scanty to allow a hypothesis based on design and con- struction alone. No models or photographs have been found of the extinct types of umiaks once used in the northern part of Hudson Bay and the sketches of early ex- plorers are too crude to allow useful discussion. From such slight evidence it is impossible to say whether the umiaks in this area were of the western or eastern type. The drawing of a Baffin Island umiak on page 188 is based on measured dimensions of a single boat and upon a small model in the National Museum. This model conforms in most respects with the drawings and sketches made by Boas.* The umiak is a small one, 24 feet 7% inches long, 5 feet 8% inches ' See bibliography. extreme beam, 3 feet 10 inches wide o\er the chines, and 1 foot 10(2 inches deep. These measurements show that the bottom of this type of umiak is wider than that of western types. The ijottom is flat, and sheer and camber are both slight. The stem and stern are practically uptight and are not formed of knees; rather, they are made by fitting the post into the keelson with an open tenon. Instea
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Keywords: ., bookauthorun, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, booksubjectscience
