. The fishes of North and Middle America [microform] : a descriptive catalogue of the species of fish-like vertebrates found in the waters of North America, north of the Isthmus of Panama. Fishes; Fishes; Poissons; Poissons. M m 2498 Bulletin 47, United States National Museum. Family CCXI. BROTULIDJi:. (The Brotuloid Fishes.) Body elougated, compressed, regularly tapering behind, the tail generally snbtriincate ut base of caudal fin, not isocercal; vent snbmedian; scales cycloid and minute, embedded in the lax skin, which more or less envelops the tins, sometimes wanting; gill openings very la
. The fishes of North and Middle America [microform] : a descriptive catalogue of the species of fish-like vertebrates found in the waters of North America, north of the Isthmus of Panama. Fishes; Fishes; Poissons; Poissons. M m 2498 Bulletin 47, United States National Museum. Family CCXI. BROTULIDJi:. (The Brotuloid Fishes.) Body elougated, compressed, regularly tapering behind, the tail generally snbtriincate ut base of caudal fin, not isocercal; vent snbmedian; scales cycloid and minute, embedded in the lax skin, which more or less envelops the tins, sometimes wanting; gill openings very large, the membranes mostly free from the isthmus; vertical fins united or contiguous at base of caudal; dorsal fin commencing not far from nape; caudal narrow ur pointed; ventral fins small, few-rayed, attached to the humeral arch and more or less in advance of ]>ectoral. Pyloric catca few (1 or 2), rarely obsolete or in increased number (12); maxillaries generally enlarged behind and produced toward their upper angle. (Gill.) PseudobranchiiB small or wanting, hypercoracoid with the usual foramen, as in Blennioid fishes. These fishes are closely related to the Zoarcida. In spite of various external resemblances to the Gadidce, their affinities are rather with the Blennioid forms than with the latter. Genera about 45, species about 100; largely of the depths of the sea; 2 species degenerated into blind cave fishes. We have not had material for any elaborate study of these fishes and fol- low closely the arrangeniment given by Goode & Bean. {Brotuloida, Gill, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1863,252, and 1884,175.) BhOTDLIN^ : a. Snout and lower jaw each with well-developed barbels; vertical fins united; teeth on vomer and palatines. b. Ventrals each reduced tu a bifid filament. Brotula, 95». aa. Snout and lower jaw without barbels. LUCIFUOIN/K: e. S])ecie8 blind, dwelling in fresh-water streams in caves; barbels replaced by cilia. d. Palatines with strong teeth; teeth in lower
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