. Bulletin. is well illustrated by Figure 28. The pupais similar to that of sulcifrons but is slightly larger (PI. VIII. Fig. 32). According to Walsh and other authors this species is semiaquaticand feeds on water-snails, and probably also on various soft-bodiedinsects and earthworms. Mr. Hart obtained a hymenopterous parasite (Plianiirus taba-nivonis Ashm.) from the eggs of T. airatus (PL IX, Fig. 37, andPI. X, Fig. 39) and the same parasite has been reared from this host inOhio and Louisiana by Prof. J. S. Hine (38). Another ^parasite, ob-tained by Mr. F. C. Bishopp from tabanid eggs collect
. Bulletin. is well illustrated by Figure 28. The pupais similar to that of sulcifrons but is slightly larger (PI. VIII. Fig. 32). According to Walsh and other authors this species is semiaquaticand feeds on water-snails, and probably also on various soft-bodiedinsects and earthworms. Mr. Hart obtained a hymenopterous parasite (Plianiirus taba-nivonis Ashm.) from the eggs of T. airatus (PL IX, Fig. 37, andPI. X, Fig. 39) and the same parasite has been reared from this host inOhio and Louisiana by Prof. J. S. Hine (38). Another ^parasite, ob-tained by Mr. F. C. Bishopp from tabanid eggs collected in Texas, hasbeen recently described by A. A. Girault as Phaiiitrus cmersoni (31).These two species of Phanurus are the only parasites known to attackthe tabanids in any stage. COLEOPTERA ( CaRABIDAE ) Carabid larvae are always to be found in abundance in fields whichare being plowed, and occasionally they have been seen in unusual abun-dance in those heavily infested with white-grubs. While the evidence. Fig. 29a. Harpalus pennsylvanicus Dej., larva, much enlarped. their favor in these cases is largely circumstantial, it is very probablethat they are often predaceous on grubs, and much more beneficial thanat present supposed. While following the plow at Victoria, Texas, February IS, 1916,Mr. J. D. Mitchell found carabid larvae abundant in a grub-infested field ;in fact they were nearly twice as numerous as the grubs, and the adultswhich we reared from the larvae sent to us, proved to be our commonHarpalus pennsylvanicus Dej. (Schwarz det.). In our undergroundbreeding-cages larvae and adults of H. pennsylvanicus (PI. VII, ) and Amara sp. have been found abundant, with evidence of theirpredaceous activities, and in the cages it appeared that the adult beetlesas well as the larvae (Fig. 29a) attack the grubs. In the field this 101 species is the most frequent and doubtless the most beneficial of all thecarabids, although we also find the larvae of H. caliginosus Fabr
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