The international geography . h of the equator. In the interiorof the north-east of the Brazilian highlandthere is hardly any rain in winter. The low-lands north of 4° N. have less abundantrains than the other inter-tropical influence of the heavy rains on the y )uk Fii. MAI in. M«r. in. Jul. Auc Sep. Oct. Mv Mr >•> | 767066905560464036 asao 16106 ... 0 ^ _^ ^ -^ *~ W. m. _. ? P W: wk r—1 -- —^ mm. m W niit-r D>i-> • ji 1 A Fig. 392.—Temperature and Rainfallof Tropical South America. increase of the eroding powers of rivers isbeautifully illustrated in two regions. Inth
The international geography . h of the equator. In the interiorof the north-east of the Brazilian highlandthere is hardly any rain in winter. The low-lands north of 4° N. have less abundantrains than the other inter-tropical influence of the heavy rains on the y )uk Fii. MAI in. M«r. in. Jul. Auc Sep. Oct. Mv Mr >•> | 767066905560464036 asao 16106 ... 0 ^ _^ ^ -^ *~ W. m. _. ? P W: wk r—1 -- —^ mm. m W niit-r D>i-> • ji 1 A Fig. 392.—Temperature and Rainfallof Tropical South America. increase of the eroding powers of rivers isbeautifully illustrated in two regions. Inthe south-west the rivers have cut into theCordillera until their valleys are so deepthat they pass east of the main line ofheights and drain the eastern slopes. Thereverse has occurred in equatorial regions,where the rainfall is heaviest in the east,and the upper waters of the Amazon andits tributaries flow in the heart of themountains. The lowering and narrow-ing of the ridge near 4° S. is probably partly due54. Fig. ^gT,.—Temperature and Rainfallof temperate South America. to excessive erosion. 820 The International Geography Minerals and Soils.—South America abounds in minerals. TheGuianas, the Eldorado of the early voyagers, are rich in gold; the Braziliangold and diamonds developed in the schists, but usually found in con-gloffiierates or rock waste, attracted early explorers. Iron, copper, lead,bismuth, antimony, and other metals, as well as precious stones, are soughtfor and obtained. The gold and silver mines of the Andes have yieldedtreasure for centuries, and are not yet exhausted. The Potosi mines alonehave supplied over three hundred million pounds sterling worth of silversince the Spaniards first took possession of them. Laterite covers most of Brazil and Guiana. The Orinoco and Amazonvalleys consist largely of recent alluvium, which exists in the lowlandsthrough which the other rivers pass. Patagonia is covered mainly withglacial waste, and loess a
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