. The centennial history of Kutztown, Pennsylvania : celebrating the centennial of the incorporation of the borough, 1815-1915. agesin the Kutztown valley: The Cambro-Ordovicion limestone on the southeast sideof the valley, seen at Topton, Fleetwood,etc.; the Lower Silurian limestone, foundin the central portions of the valley ; and theUpper Silurian limestone, underlying Kutz-town. The northern rim of the Kutztown val-lev is formed by the Hudson River shales Cambrian quartzite. In some places therestill remain the old shoreline beach depositswhich may be shoveled up and carted awayfor use as
. The centennial history of Kutztown, Pennsylvania : celebrating the centennial of the incorporation of the borough, 1815-1915. agesin the Kutztown valley: The Cambro-Ordovicion limestone on the southeast sideof the valley, seen at Topton, Fleetwood,etc.; the Lower Silurian limestone, foundin the central portions of the valley ; and theUpper Silurian limestone, underlying Kutz-town. The northern rim of the Kutztown val-lev is formed by the Hudson River shales Cambrian quartzite. In some places therestill remain the old shoreline beach depositswhich may be shoveled up and carted awayfor use as sand. Such deposits are nowfound at Fleetwood, Temple, and on In other places the beaches arechanged into sandstone. In the majority of places however thesand has been changed into quartzite bythe action of water, heat, and pressure. A special form of this quartzite is foundat the old Indian quarry just above Bowersstation. Here alkaline waters coming upfrom below have changed the quartzite in-to Jasper with many other varieties ofquartz. (See account of H. K. Deisher,page 8.) It is an interesting fact that about. The Kramer , in Greenwich Township which overlies the three limestones. Theseshales with some sandy layers do not weath-er as fast as the limestone and thereforerise to several hundred feet above the levelof the vallev floor. Everywhere beneaththe shales will be found the limestones. Insome places as at the Crystal Cave andL^mbrella Hill the limestone has been arch-ed up and is found well up the steep slo])esof the shale hills. In all the bottoms ofthe streams the limestone is only a shortdistance below the surface if it does notshow in the bed of the stream itself. South of the belt of three limestoneswhich forms Kutztown Vallev one finds anold shoreline, whose sand beaches are nowmainly converted into quartzite, called the a mile from the center of this old quarrythe chestnut trees are healthy and seem toresist the action of the blight fungus. Onthe Ca
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