. Botany, with agricultural applications. Botany. 384 THALLOPHYTES are divided into a number of orders. The most familiar orders are those represented by the Toadstools and Mushrooms (Hy- menomycetes), Puff balls (Gasteromycetes), Smuts {Ustilaginales), and Rusts (Uredinales). Toadstools and Mushrooms (Hymenomycetes). — This is the most familiar order to most people, because it includes so many forms like the Toadstools and Mushrooms, which have conspicu- ous sporophores. In addition to the Toadstools and Mushrooms, the order contains some other rather famihar kinds of Fungi. The Fungi of this
. Botany, with agricultural applications. Botany. 384 THALLOPHYTES are divided into a number of orders. The most familiar orders are those represented by the Toadstools and Mushrooms (Hy- menomycetes), Puff balls (Gasteromycetes), Smuts {Ustilaginales), and Rusts (Uredinales). Toadstools and Mushrooms (Hymenomycetes). — This is the most familiar order to most people, because it includes so many forms like the Toadstools and Mushrooms, which have conspicu- ous sporophores. In addition to the Toadstools and Mushrooms, the order contains some other rather famihar kinds of Fungi. The Fungi of this order are chiefly saprophytes, living on decaying wood, leaf mold, rich humus, and manure. Often the organic matter upon which they are living is not visible and they seem to be growing right out of the soU. As the name of the order sug- gests, they have a hymenium, and the hymenium, which consists of basidia commonly intermingled with sterile hyphae, is borne exposed. Usually the hymenium is on the under side of the sporophore where it is protected from rain. Those of the order'having umbrella- shaped sporophores are popularly called Toadstools and when edible they are popularly called Mushrooms. The term Mushroom, however, is often applied to Morels and all kinds of Fungi that are edible. There are several hundred species of edible Fungi in the United States and more than one hundred of them are of the Toadstool type. Some of the Toadstools are deadly poisonous, as the one shown in Figure 337, and many that are not poisonous are tough, fibrous, 6r ill-tasting and hence not edible. Between edible and non-edible Fungi there are no botanical distinctions or guides. By experience people have learned that some species are edible and some non-edible, and many sad accidents have occurred as a result of not being able to distinguish the poisonous from the edible Fig. 337. — A poisonous Toadstool, Amanita bulbosa. X Please note that these images are extracted from scan
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, booksubjectbotany, bookyear1920
