. Diseases of bees. Bees. SACBTiOOD. 21 plainly visible. The margin frequently presents a wavy outline cor- responding to the original furrows and ridges of the lateral margin of the larva. Posterior third.—The posterior third (figs. 23 and 24) extends upon the bottom of the cell, but does not completely cover it. A lateral view of the scale (fig. 24) shows that it is turned upward anteriorly and drawn somewhat toward the bottom of the cell. The ventral surface is concave, often roughenc-d, and directed somewhat forward. This margin, hke that of the middle third, has a tendency toward being ir
. Diseases of bees. Bees. SACBTiOOD. 21 plainly visible. The margin frequently presents a wavy outline cor- responding to the original furrows and ridges of the lateral margin of the larva. Posterior third.—The posterior third (figs. 23 and 24) extends upon the bottom of the cell, but does not completely cover it. A lateral view of the scale (fig. 24) shows that it is turned upward anteriorly and drawn somewhat toward the bottom of the cell. The ventral surface is concave, often roughenc-d, and directed somewhat forward. This margin, hke that of the middle third, has a tendency toward being irregular. The scale.—The scale can easily be removed intact from the cell. (PL II, aj.) . Indeed, when very dry, many of them can be shaken from the brood comb. When out of the cell, they vary markedly in appearance. The anterior third is of a deeper brown than the the other two thirds as a rule. The dorsal side of the middle and. Fig, 24.—Scale, or larval remains, in position in cell out lengthwise, lateral view. (Original.) posterior thirds is shaped to conform to the floor of the cell, being in general convex, with a surface that is smooth and polished. The margin is thin and wavy. The anterior third and the lateral sides of the middle and posterior thirds being turned upward, the ventral sur- face being concave, and the posterior side being convex, the scale in general presents a boathke appearance and could be styled "gondola- ; This general form of the scale has been referred to by beekeepers as being that of a Chinaman's shoe. When completely dry, the scale is brittle and may easily be ground to a powder. Condition of the virus in the scale.—The scales in sacbrood, when fed to healthy bees, have shown no evidence of being infectious. The length of time that dead larvae are permitted by the bees to remain in the cells before they are removed varies. They may be removed soon after death, they may remain until or after they have become a dry scale, o
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