. The anatomy of the frog. Frogs -- Anatomy; Amphibians -- Anatomy. 222 THE VASCULAE Arteries and veins of the Truncus arteriosus of Bufo vulgaris, after Hyrtl. a Arteria bulbi. b Truncus ai'teriosus. h,i i Hepatic portal veins. t Right and left synangium. V Vena bulbi anterior. vi Left innominate vein. ve Vena bulbi posterior (V. cartliaca). A Right auricle. A' Left auricle. r Ventricle. (endocardium), wliicli covers the various trabeculae ; the external surface of the heart is likewise covered with an epi- cardial layer of endothelium (Fig*. 138 e. The blood-supply to the heart. Wit
. The anatomy of the frog. Frogs -- Anatomy; Amphibians -- Anatomy. 222 THE VASCULAE Arteries and veins of the Truncus arteriosus of Bufo vulgaris, after Hyrtl. a Arteria bulbi. b Truncus ai'teriosus. h,i i Hepatic portal veins. t Right and left synangium. V Vena bulbi anterior. vi Left innominate vein. ve Vena bulbi posterior (V. cartliaca). A Right auricle. A' Left auricle. r Ventricle. (endocardium), wliicli covers the various trabeculae ; the external surface of the heart is likewise covered with an epi- cardial layer of endothelium (Fig*. 138 e. The blood-supply to the heart. With the exception of the truncus arteriosus, no part of the heart possesses blood-vessels (Hyrtl). [The truncus arteriosus (Fig. 142 b) has a rich anas- tomosis, which receives its blood by the arteria hdhi {a), a branch of the carotid arch. Two veins connect this anastomosis with the systemic veins, and with the hepatic portal veins : the former, vena hulhi anterior {v), passes over the auricles to open into the left innominate vein (vi) ; the latter, the vefia hulhi jjosterior [vc) or vena car- diaca, as it is more usually named, passes from the truncus arteriosus in a fold of pericardium, and then courses back- wards to open into the anterior-abdo- minal vein.] II. THE ARTERIES. (The original arrangement of this section has been ; The Trnncus arteriosus divides to form two vessels (Fig-s. 132, 134) ; each of these is divided by two partitions into three com- partments, which after a short course together separate -to form three distinct vessels, the carotid, systemic, and pulmo-cutaneous arches. 1. The carotid arch [Canalis carotico-lingualis, Briicke ; JDucfus caroticus), (Fig. 143 /) is the most anterior of the three arches : it winds round the side of the oesophagus as far as the carotid gland, where it divides to form two branches ; the right carotid arch gives off a small branch to the Truncus arteriosus, the Arteria liulhi (see above).. Please note that these
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