. China Ecosystem Services and Poverty Alleviation Situation Analysis and Research Strategy - Final Report to the ESPA Programme. ESPA China Consortium, CAAS, Beijing, China. Section A: Status of poverty and ecosystems in China have been referred to as a 'biological gene pool' (Guo et al., 2002), and the Changbai mountain region holds over 800 medicinal plants (Yang and Xu, 2003). There are more than 1,000 economic tree species found in China, and the country is the original and distributional centre of many wild and cultivated fruit tree species (Zuomin, 2003). China also has more than 11,000
. China Ecosystem Services and Poverty Alleviation Situation Analysis and Research Strategy - Final Report to the ESPA Programme. ESPA China Consortium, CAAS, Beijing, China. Section A: Status of poverty and ecosystems in China have been referred to as a 'biological gene pool' (Guo et al., 2002), and the Changbai mountain region holds over 800 medicinal plants (Yang and Xu, 2003). There are more than 1,000 economic tree species found in China, and the country is the original and distributional centre of many wild and cultivated fruit tree species (Zuomin, 2003). China also has more than 11,000 medicinal plant species and the widest variety of domestic animals in the world. In Yunnan and the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, areas of particular genetic diversity, 15-20% of species are threatened (MAWEC. 2005). The wetlands of China are particularly important sites for migratory bird species (An et al., 2007). Ecological Zones Many studies have been done to regionalize the territory of China into a hierarchical system of ecological zones, regions and sub-regions. Figure shows the scheme of Ren and Bao (1988). which has 8 zones with 31 regions. IGCAS (1999) classified China into zones on the basis of climate factors for the first level zones, hydrological factors for the regions within the zones, and topological factors for the sub-regions (See Annex 5). On the basis of available regionalization schemes and recommendations of MAWEC (2005), this study has classified China into eight ecological zones, incorporating five zones recommended by MAWEC (2005) for western China for planning "ecological construction'. The classification considers ecosystem services, fragility and similarity of environmental characteristics, and poverty distribution. Table presents a preliminary analysis of these ecological zones in terms of the risk of poverty occurring due to their intrinsic ecosystem properties (see Annex 3 for definitions of terms). Ecological zones of China. Figure
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