. Cyclopedia of farm crops. Farm produce; Agriculture. 268 DYES AND DYEING DYES AND DYEING Buckwheat: Fagopyrum esculentum. Yellow color from leaves and stalk. Buttercup: Ranunculus bulbotus and other species. Yellow. Cabbage: Brassica oleracea. Contains cauline, prob- ably identical with the cyanine of wine. Camwood, or gaban wood, poa-gaban : Closely allied to barwood. From African coast. See under Fig. 372. Annatto pod3, from which butter color is deilTed. Capers : Capparis spinosa. Yellow. Caramel: Sugar heated above its melting point turns brown and is converted into caramel. B
. Cyclopedia of farm crops. Farm produce; Agriculture. 268 DYES AND DYEING DYES AND DYEING Buckwheat: Fagopyrum esculentum. Yellow color from leaves and stalk. Buttercup: Ranunculus bulbotus and other species. Yellow. Cabbage: Brassica oleracea. Contains cauline, prob- ably identical with the cyanine of wine. Camwood, or gaban wood, poa-gaban : Closely allied to barwood. From African coast. See under Fig. 372. Annatto pod3, from which butter color is deilTed. Capers : Capparis spinosa. Yellow. Caramel: Sugar heated above its melting point turns brown and is converted into caramel. Brown. Carrot: Daucus Carota. Yellow. Catechu : Acacia Catechu, Ourouparia gambier. Brown to dull red colors. Influenced by oxidation. Contains catechin. Celery, or smallage : Apium graveolens. Yellow-green. Chamomile (Ger.), or matricario : Matricaria Chamo- milla. Alumina lake, yellow. Chay root, or che root, cherri vello, sayavee, imbural, turbuli: Oldenlandia umbellata. Contains alizarin, pur- purin, etc. See under Madder. Chelidoine juice : Chelidonium majus. Yellow. Chica-red, or crajina: Arrabidma Chica (Bignonia Chica). Vermilion-red powder, insoluble in water ; alka- line solutions, orange to red. Chinese green, or lokoa: Rhammis tinctoria, R. Dahurica. Only green dye other than chlorophyll. Chinese yellow : Gardenia grandiflora. Other Chinese yellows are wongsky, wougsky, wongschy, hoang-teng, hoang-tschi, hoang-pe-pi, and ti-hoang. Chrysamic acid : Aloes. Action of nitric acid on aloes. Yellow in alcohol. Chlorophyll : Green color of plants. Cochineal, or cochenille, coccionella: Coccus cacti (dried bodies of the female insect). Contains carminic acid soluble in water with purple color ; lakes, red to purple ; alum or tin lakes, cochineal carmine or coccerin. Cotinin : Preparation from young fustic. Yellow. Cranberry or red bilberry : Vaccinium Vitis-Idwa. Red. Cudbear, or cudbeard, perseo: Lecanora tinctoria, Variolaria orcina (lichens). Differs from archil in being
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