. Bulletin. Gramineae -- United States; Forage plants -- United States. 19 Big Sand-grass (Calamorilfa Jongifolia Scribn.) is not common iu cen- tral Iowa, though rather common in nortliwestern and western Iowa, where it abounds along- railroads, on dry sterile soil, and steep hillsides. It often does good service in binding the loose soil together. As a forage plant it is of little value, the culms and leaves being very tough. In Nebraska it is common in the sand- hill country and also in the sandy marshes of the Ilepublican Valley. Black G-rama {Boutelona hirsKta Lag.) is common in the sand-
. Bulletin. Gramineae -- United States; Forage plants -- United States. 19 Big Sand-grass (Calamorilfa Jongifolia Scribn.) is not common iu cen- tral Iowa, though rather common in nortliwestern and western Iowa, where it abounds along- railroads, on dry sterile soil, and steep hillsides. It often does good service in binding the loose soil together. As a forage plant it is of little value, the culms and leaves being very tough. In Nebraska it is common in the sand- hill country and also in the sandy marshes of the Ilepublican Valley. Black G-rama {Boutelona hirsKta Lag.) is common in the sand-hill legion of western Nebraska. It forms dense tufts of line leaves. It is nutritious, like the other gramas, and fills an Important place on these poorer soils. Blue G-rama {Bouteloua oligostachya Torr.) (tig. 3) grows from 8 to 18 inches high, varying somewhat with seasons. It was much taller on the aver- age in 1896 than in 1895. As a rule this grass sel- dom exceeds a foot in height. It is endowed by nature with great drought-resisting quali- ties. Around Crete and Lincoln, ISTebr., it is com- mon on dry soil and on gravelly knolls. At Hast- ings, Xebr., it is a domi- nant grass in meadows and pastures. The same may be said of it from McCook to the west line of Nebraska. As a pasture grass it is excellent, being nutritious and standing tramijling better than Western Wheat-grass. A few years of selection under cultiva- tion would no doubt produce a form equal to many of our cultivated grasses. Stockmen inform me that cattle thrive on this grass all winter in western Nebraska. In Colorado it is common in the foot- hills, especially between 5,000 and 0,500 feet altitude. Some plants were seen on an open prairie in northern Colorado at an altitude of 7,000 feet. Near Golden it was likewise observed at an altitude of 7,000 feet. It is common also at Colorado Springs, nortli of. Fig. 3.—Blue Grama (Bouteloua oUgostachija): a, empty glumes of a spikelet; 6, spikelet with the em
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