. Diseases of the rectum and anus: designed for students and practitioners of medicine. ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 27 Houstons valves are permanent anatomic structures(made more prominent by distension), capable of demonstra-tion in either the hving or the dead fetus, infant, child, oradult, except in those instances in which they have been de-stroyed by disease or in which, because of pathologic changesin the gut-wall, rectal inflation is impossible. They are cres-cent-shaped, capable of vertical motion, extend from one-halfto two-thirds around the circumference of the rectum (PlateV and Fig. 6),
. Diseases of the rectum and anus: designed for students and practitioners of medicine. ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 27 Houstons valves are permanent anatomic structures(made more prominent by distension), capable of demonstra-tion in either the hving or the dead fetus, infant, child, oradult, except in those instances in which they have been de-stroyed by disease or in which, because of pathologic changesin the gut-wall, rectal inflation is impossible. They are cres-cent-shaped, capable of vertical motion, extend from one-halfto two-thirds around the circumference of the rectum (PlateV and Fig. 6), and project into its lumen from three-fourthsto one and a half inches ( to centimeters). They aredirected obliquely to the long axis of the bowel, and areslightly cup-shaped, their concavities looking upward. When. Fig. 6.—Proctoscopic Birds-Eye View of Valves in an Inflated Rectum. the bowel is distended, the free margins of the valves standout prominently, and are easily seen through the proctoscope,or they may be felt by the finger during straining. The niiinber of valves is variable. Usually there are three,sometimes two or four (Fig. 6); in exceptional cases theremay be fiive, six, or even seven. When more than the usualnumber are present, some of them are small, shallow, and lessprominent. The location of the valves is fairly constant, andis as follows: The upper valve at the junction of the sigmoidcolon and rectum on the left rectal wall; the middle (mostprominent, Kohlrauschs plicee recti) valve on the right ante-rior wall opposite the base of the bladder and three inches( centimeters) or more above the anus; the loiver valve 28 DISEASES OF THE RECTUM AND ANUS on the left side a short distance below the middle valve. Withthe patient in the knee-chest posture and the rectum well in-
Size: 1577px × 1585px
Photo credit: © The Reading Room / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectanusdis, bookyear1910
