A history of the United States . llowers the new tariff was muchmore objectionable in principle than the acts of 1824 and1828, and in October the legislature of South CaroHna sum-moned a convention tomeet in November forthe purpose of consider-ing what action the Stateshould take. On No-vember 24 the conven-tion passed the Ordi-nance of NuUification,declaring the tariff actsof 1828 and 1832 un-constitutional, null andvoid, and directed thelegislature to take thenecessary steps to pre-vent the enforcementof the said acts withinthe limits of SouthCarolina after February1, resigned his
A history of the United States . llowers the new tariff was muchmore objectionable in principle than the acts of 1824 and1828, and in October the legislature of South CaroHna sum-moned a convention tomeet in November forthe purpose of consider-ing what action the Stateshould take. On No-vember 24 the conven-tion passed the Ordi-nance of NuUification,declaring the tariff actsof 1828 and 1832 un-constitutional, null andvoid, and directed thelegislature to take thenecessary steps to pre-vent the enforcementof the said acts withinthe limits of SouthCarolina after February1, resigned his seat in the Senate to become governorof South Carolina, and was succeeded by Calhoun, whoThe com- resigned the vice-presidency in order to be freepromise to defend the action of his State on the floor. Buttan o I 33 j^ckson was in no wise disconcerted. In Decem-ber he issued a long proclamation to the people of SouthCarolina, in which he denounced nullification as uncon-stitutional and secession as treasonable and declared that. John C. Calhoun. Jacksonian Democracy 281 the laws of the United States must be executed. In Janu-ary, 1833, two measures were taken up in Congress. Onewas the Force Bill, authorizing the president to use thearmy and navy in enforcing the law, and the other was a tariffbill, proposing a reduction of duties. As February 1, the time when the Ordinance of NulUfica-tion was to go into effect, drew near, the nuUifiers agreedto await the outcome of the tariff discussion before resortingto force. Finally Clay introduced a compromise tariff bill,which provided for a gradual reduction of all duties in excessof 20 per cent until July 1, 1842, when there would be a uni-form rate of 20 per cent, which was what the Southernersdemanded. For nine years, however, there was to be a largedegree of protection. This bill passed Congress a few daysbefore the close of the session and at the same time theForce Bill was enacted. The South CaroHna conventionthen reassembled an
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