. A text-book of comparative physiology for students and practitioners of comparative (veterinary) medicine. Physiology, Comparative. DIGESTION OF POOD. 281 the vermiform appendix of man. Adaptation has heen illus- trated in the lifetime of a single individual in a remarkable. Fia. 228.—Diagram illnstrating arrangement of intestine, nervous system, etc., in com- mon snail, Helix (after Huxiey). m, mouth; (, tootti; od, odontopliore; a, gullet: c, crop; «, stomach; r, rectum; o, anus; r, s, renal sac; A, heart; X lung (modified pallia! chamber); n, its external aperture; em, tUck edge of mantle
. A text-book of comparative physiology for students and practitioners of comparative (veterinary) medicine. Physiology, Comparative. DIGESTION OF POOD. 281 the vermiform appendix of man. Adaptation has heen illus- trated in the lifetime of a single individual in a remarkable. Fia. 228.—Diagram illnstrating arrangement of intestine, nervous system, etc., in com- mon snail, Helix (after Huxiey). m, mouth; (, tootti; od, odontopliore; a, gullet: c, crop; «, stomach; r, rectum; o, anus; r, s, renal sac; A, heart; X lung (modified pallia! chamber); n, its external aperture; em, tUck edge of mantle united with sides of body; /, foot; cpg, cerebral, pedal, and parieto-splanchnic ganglia aggre- gated round gullet. manner ; thus, a seagull, by being fed on grain, has had its stomach, naturally thin and soft-walled, converted into a mus- / cular gizzard. Since digestion is a process in which the mechanical and chemical are both involved, and the food of animals differs so widely, great variety in the alimentary tract, both anatomical and physiological, must be expected. Vegetable food must usually be eaten in much larger bulk to furnish the needed elements; hence the great length of intestine habitually found in herbivorous animals, associated often with a capacious and chambered stomach, furnishing a larger laboratory in which Nature may carry on her processes. To illustrate, the stomach of the ruminants consists of four parts {rumen, reticu- lum, omasum, or psalterium, dbomasum). The food when cropped is immediately swallowed; so that the paunch (rumen) is a mere storehouse in which it is softened, though but little changed otherwise; and it would seem that real gastric digestion is almost confined to the last division, which may be compared. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Mills, Wes
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