. Studies in general physiology. Physiology; Phototropism; Geotropism; Reproduction; Irritability; Regeneration (Biology). FIG. 93 which, according to otir experiments, is not far removed from the limits of macroscopic visibility. I have empha- sized the fact that for geometrical reasons alone a certain amount of substance must be present before it is possible to form a pluteus. Bijt the lowest limit actually found is reached very much earlier than that re- quired from geometrical considerations alone. Since it has been demonstrated that the ultimate source of all energy for life-phenomena is
. Studies in general physiology. Physiology; Phototropism; Geotropism; Reproduction; Irritability; Regeneration (Biology). FIG. 93 which, according to otir experiments, is not far removed from the limits of macroscopic visibility. I have empha- sized the fact that for geometrical reasons alone a certain amount of substance must be present before it is possible to form a pluteus. Bijt the lowest limit actually found is reached very much earlier than that re- quired from geometrical considerations alone. Since it has been demonstrated that the ultimate source of all energy for life-phenomena is of a chemical nature, we must conclude from our experiments that the ultimate unit of living matter is such a quantity of substance as is capable of developing that amount of energy which is necessary for that life- phenomenon which is used as a criterion. In this we find a natural explanation of why the amount of substance necessary for the formation of a pluteus must be much larger than the amount of substance which is sufficient for the formation of a blastula, inasmuch as a larger amount of living matter repre- sents also a larger amount of energy. It follows from this, also, that when one is satisfied with spontaneity or irritability as the criterion of living matter, the ulti- mate unit of living matter is not only much smaller quantitatively, but also different qualitatively, as the protoplasm alone suf- fices for this. In the case of ultimate units we not only deal with masses which represent a definite amount of chemical energy, but we have every reason for assuming that the mode of liberation of this energy follows a definite order, which is possibly the same for all life-processes. Our fur-. FIG. 94 Digitized by Microsoft®. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Loeb, Jacques, 1859-1924.
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