. Diseases of the dog and their treatment. anes of the body, as is sometimes observed in infectious dis-eases; to pyaemia or metastatic peritonitis; from the breaking down oftubercular masses that have collected on the peritoneum, or from can-cer. Primary peritonitis is always caused by some injury to the ab- 96 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE APPARATUS dominal wall, shocks, blows, or by penetration of the abdominal walls,or after some opeiations and from cold (rheumatic peritonitis). Pathological Anatomy.—According to the extent of the disease wecall it either partial (circumscribed) or general per
. Diseases of the dog and their treatment. anes of the body, as is sometimes observed in infectious dis-eases; to pyaemia or metastatic peritonitis; from the breaking down oftubercular masses that have collected on the peritoneum, or from can-cer. Primary peritonitis is always caused by some injury to the ab- 96 DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE APPARATUS dominal wall, shocks, blows, or by penetration of the abdominal walls,or after some opeiations and from cold (rheumatic peritonitis). Pathological Anatomy.—According to the extent of the disease wecall it either partial (circumscribed) or general peritonitis (diffused);according to its course, acute or chronic; and according to its character,we call the exudate serous, fibrinous, purulent, putrid, or hemor-rhagic. The purulent form of the disease is the most common and onaccount of the extensive irritation that any inflammation causes in theperitoneum, it is apt to take the diffuse form of the disease; and whileit may start originally as circumscribed, the disease generally becomes. Fig. 51.—Section through the abdomen of the dog showing the distribution of the peritoneum:a, kidney; b, aorta; c, vena cava; d, intestine; d, duodenum; e, pancreatic gland;/, spleen; g, liver; h,subperitoneal fat. diffuse in a short time. The peritoneum is first injected and ecchymosed,becoming dull red and velvety, due to the removal of the endotheliumand partially to the exudate, which contains more or less fibrinous sub-stances. This collects as a thick layer over the peritoneum and theexudate unites the intestines to each other or to the different organsin the abdominal cavity, or even to the sides of the abdominal wall. Inrecent cases these adhesions are easily pulled apart, but later on theybecome firmly united and are very hard to separate (adhesive i^erito-nitis). There is also a quantity of fibrinous exudate thrown out, which isaccompanied by more or less liquid. This varies from a small quantityto several litres. There is always
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