. Boat sailing in fair weather and foul. rimitive square sail of antiquityembodies the same principle as thatgoverning the motion through the waterof the modern full rigged ship, which isadmirably adapted for efficient beatingto windward. Or sailing against the in this branch of sailing isthe crucial test of every vessel .whosepropelling power is derived from canvas,and the shipbuilders and sailmakersof all seafaring nations have vied witheach other for centuries to secure thedesired perfection. Beating to windward may be describ-ed as the method by which a vesselforces her wa
. Boat sailing in fair weather and foul. rimitive square sail of antiquityembodies the same principle as thatgoverning the motion through the waterof the modern full rigged ship, which isadmirably adapted for efficient beatingto windward. Or sailing against the in this branch of sailing isthe crucial test of every vessel .whosepropelling power is derived from canvas,and the shipbuilders and sailmakersof all seafaring nations have vied witheach other for centuries to secure thedesired perfection. Beating to windward may be describ-ed as the method by which a vesselforces her way by a series of angles inthe direction from which the wind isblowing. Some vessels will sail closerto the wind than others. That is to say, 130 BOAT SAILING, with their sails tujL they will head apoint or more nearer to the directionfrom which the wind conies than vesselsof different rig. Broadly speaking, an ordinary fore-and-aft rigged yacht with the wind duenorth, will head northwest on the star-board tack, and northeast on the port. Diagram No. Before the Wind. tack. That is, she will head tip withinfour points of the wind. Some will dobetter than this by a good half famous old sloop Maria, owned byCommodore J. C. Stevens, founder ofthe New York Yacht Club, is said tohave sailed within three points and ahalf of the wmd, and I am informed BEATING TO WINDWARD. 131 that Constitution^ in her races this year,achieved a similar remarkable feat. A square-rig-ger, because the sailscannot be trimmed to form so sharp anangle to the breeze as a fore-and-aftrigged vessel, rarely sails closer thansix points of the wind. Consequently,she has to make more tacks and con-sume a longer time in accomplishing asimilar distance in the teeth of thebreeze than a vessel driven by fore-and-
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectsailing, bookyear1903
