Cassell's Old and new Edinburgh: its history, its people, and its places . od carvings ; ancient cannon and armour,and various Scottish instruments of punishment andtorture, including that famous old guillotine, theMaiden, by which the Regent Morton was beheadedin 1581, Sir John Gordon of Haddo in 1644,President Spottiswood in 1642, the two Argyles,and a multitude of others ; the repentance stool ofthe old Greyfriars church ; the pulpit of Knox;the alleged creepie of Jenny Geddes ; a bannerborne by the Covenanters at Bothweil Bridge; aportrait of Cardinal Innes, advanced to the purpleby Pope J
Cassell's Old and new Edinburgh: its history, its people, and its places . od carvings ; ancient cannon and armour,and various Scottish instruments of punishment andtorture, including that famous old guillotine, theMaiden, by which the Regent Morton was beheadedin 1581, Sir John Gordon of Haddo in 1644,President Spottiswood in 1642, the two Argyles,and a multitude of others ; the repentance stool ofthe old Greyfriars church ; the pulpit of Knox;the alleged creepie of Jenny Geddes ; a bannerborne by the Covenanters at Bothweil Bridge; aportrait of Cardinal Innes, advanced to the purpleby Pope John XXIII.—the first Scotsman whoever attained that rank; the blue ribbon worn byPrince Charles as Knight of the Garter, and hisring, the farewell gift of Flora Macdonald ; RobRoys purse ; the witches iron branks ; copies ofthe national covenant, signed by Montrose and allthe Scottish nobles and notables of the period ;autograph letters of Mary, James VI., Charles , and a vast collection of objects ofantiquity generally. S3 OLD AND NEW EDINBURGH. [The THE X.\TION-.\T. G.^LLERV. XIII. THE MOUND {conchiieif). The Art Galleries—The National Gallery The Various Collections—The Royal Scottish Academy—Early Scottish Artists-The Institution—The First Exhibition in Edinburgh—Foundation of the Academy—Presidents: G. Watson, Sir William Allan, Sir J. W. Gordon,Sir George Harvey, Sir Daniel Macnee—The Spalding Fund. Their objects being akin, the Royal Institution andArt Galleries stand in convenient pro.\imity to eachother. The formation of the latter was one of theresults of the Report, referred to, by Sir John ShawLefevre on the constitution of the Board of Manu-factures ; and subsequent negotiations with theTreasury led to the erection of the Galleries, thefoundation stone of which was laid by the PrinceConsort on the 30th of August. 1850, and theywere opened in 1859. The Treasury furnished^30,000, the Board _;i{^2o,ooo, and the city aportion
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