![](http://www.alamy.com/thumbs/6/1A6A374F-9B3E-48DE-BD33-9D8EA6418AB9/AKKCMN.jpg)
DSC02684,jerusalem
At the beginning of the nineteenth century Jerusalem was an old city, ruined and neglected. Only poor people lived there and they suffered from the filth and from sickness. The living conditions in the old city were terrible, but Jews were afraid to move out. They felt safer inside the walls. At that time, countries from around the world started buying land in the newer part of the city. The Russians, the Germans and the Italians were all interested in the Holly Land, for different reasons. Some bought the land for religious reasons, others for missionary work, hospitals or for the consulate service. Finally, Sir Moses Montefori set up Mishkenot Shaananim in 1860 as a place to move to outside the walls, but the people who dared lived there in the daytime went back to the old city to sleep at night. The settling was very slow but it was the beginning of more such neighborhoods that were set up outside the walls. Machaneh Yisrael was the second, then Nachalat Shiva and Beit David. The area that is called Nachlaot was settled when the sixth neighborhood, Even Yisrael was established, pushing Jerusalem's boarder to the west. The neighborhoods called Nachlaot are actually many different neighborhoods that are built side by side. They were set up for different reasons, they had different codes of behavior and even attracted different types of people. Every few streets resembled a different Diaspora, each ran by a different code and had its own synagogue with its special decor, prayers and atmosphere. Nachlaot, was in fact, a mosaic of many different communities living side by side.
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Photo credit: © yoel harel / Alamy / Afripics
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