Diseases of the chest and the principles of physical diagnosis . ines of the pleuralcavities—the spaces into which the lung expands during forced inspiration. This space atits lower margin, which is bounded by the diaphragiA on the inside and the thoracic wall onthe outside, is known as the complemental space of Gerhardt. It is in this space that smailpleural effusions first accumulate, thus causing the disappearance of the diaphragmaticshadow (see Fig. 12), slight dulness on percussion and diminished vocal fremitus, reso-nance and breath sounds. 78 THE EXAMINATION OF THE LUNGS level of the fi
Diseases of the chest and the principles of physical diagnosis . ines of the pleuralcavities—the spaces into which the lung expands during forced inspiration. This space atits lower margin, which is bounded by the diaphragiA on the inside and the thoracic wall onthe outside, is known as the complemental space of Gerhardt. It is in this space that smailpleural effusions first accumulate, thus causing the disappearance of the diaphragmaticshadow (see Fig. 12), slight dulness on percussion and diminished vocal fremitus, reso-nance and breath sounds. 78 THE EXAMINATION OF THE LUNGS level of the fifth thoracic vertebra, indicates the level at which the tracheabifurcates, and anteriorly the upper point at which the lungs meet, todiverge again at the fourth costal cartilage. It marks the upper boundaryof the cardiac auricles, and the point at which the veins of the hand col-lapse while the arm is being raised upward from its lowest to its highestposition (Gaertners test of venous blood pressure). It forms a con-venient landmark from which to count
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, booksubjectdiagnos, bookyear1920
