. Social England; a record of the progress of the people in religion, laws, learning, arts, industry, commerce, science, literature and manners, from the earliest times to the present day . 040),even in the early years of Henry III. a great change wasimpending in many manors, and one that became more pro-minent as the thirteenth century advanced. This was thegradual disappearance of the villeiit as we have described him. Rise of Free Labour. 14(1 THE OF THE KIXdDHM. 11274 with liis (_)HiL^-;itiu of rciKlfvint;- services on tlic luiiil and othrliiinq- to cultivate his hn-ds ilen
. Social England; a record of the progress of the people in religion, laws, learning, arts, industry, commerce, science, literature and manners, from the earliest times to the present day . 040),even in the early years of Henry III. a great change wasimpending in many manors, and one that became more pro-minent as the thirteenth century advanced. This was thegradual disappearance of the villeiit as we have described him. Rise of Free Labour. 14(1 THE OF THE KIXdDHM. 11274 with liis (_)HiL^-;itiu of rciKlfvint;- services on tlic luiiil and othrliiinq- to cultivate his hn-ds ileniesne, and in his stead the sub-stitution of a free chxss wlio worked for wages. One miyhtperhaps have expected that so qreat a social revolution couldhe traced to some popular uioveuient in favoin- of emancipation,and that, as the tone of society became gentler, the lordsnaturallv had a tendency to free their serfs; but of this thereis not much evidence. On the contrary, in the eyes of thelaw the villeins remained serfs, certainly till their great revoltin IMSl, and perhaps later; for neither then nor alterwaidswas there anv clear ailinission of their freedom. Long before. THE GOOSE-II i;i:li. (LntlrM l:<.:l/,,.) this, however, the great mass of thcni nnist have been Ireein the cvcs of the bailiffs; fn they had ceased to be tiedto the soil, and the revolt itseh, as will be shown later, wasonlv causc(l bv an alteiiqit to rc-cxact their scrvici s, whichbad become obsolete. The agency that effected this wasneither sentiment nor even Jiicty, but the self-interest of thea\-crage manorial lord; Ior, as has already lieen shown, it cannever have been very easy to get the demesne properly cul-tivated, oven when the dutv was Intrusicd to tlie mostenergetic of liailiffs, (onipulsory labour is pioverbially in-effective, even \\\irn the labourer lau be maile to do wlialevcrhe is told; while on I be maiioi the villeins could .•iluays besetting up the customs, and claiming that, they b.
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