. Better fruit. Fruit-culture. 1915 BETTER FRUIT Pape 21 ered, for an understanding of them is of the utmost importance. Varieties like the Newtown and Spitzcnberg, that bear many of their fruits in clusters, may be benefited by thinning even when the yiekl is moderate, because, as has been pointed out, the percentage of culls may be increased quite materially by allowing individual fruits to touch each other. Varieties such as Wine- saps, which naturally are inclined to bear small speciments if allowed to bear a full load, may have the size of their fruits increased materially by judicious th
. Better fruit. Fruit-culture. 1915 BETTER FRUIT Pape 21 ered, for an understanding of them is of the utmost importance. Varieties like the Newtown and Spitzcnberg, that bear many of their fruits in clusters, may be benefited by thinning even when the yiekl is moderate, because, as has been pointed out, the percentage of culls may be increased quite materially by allowing individual fruits to touch each other. Varieties such as Wine- saps, which naturally are inclined to bear small speciments if allowed to bear a full load, may have the size of their fruits increased materially by judicious thinning. On the other hand, some varieties, such as the King apple and the Clairgeau pear, are apt to grow to a size too large to be best for market- ing if thinned considerably. Care must be taken not to thin too heavily or too early on some varieties that shed heav- ily, such as Arkansas Black. Many vari- eties that bring low prices on the mar- kets, such as the Ben Davis, it may not pay to thin when prospects are good for large yields of the better sorts. "The cost of thinning will vary greatly with the size and shape of the tree—whether low or high-headed— and the load of fruit it carries. Ordin- arily it will take a man from one and one-half to four hours to complete the job on mature trees. "The best way for every fruit grower to find out whether thinning pays for him or not, is to try it carefully on a few trees, leaving others unthinned to check on. He should keep track of the amount of time required in thinning and in harvesting, and should note the differences in the proportionate amount of culls obtained from the thinned and unthinned trees. After the fruit is sold he can then figure out which method gave him the largest net ; Summer Prunning The importance of summer-pruning young apple trees is little understood by many fruit growers. The habit has become so firmly fixed that all pruning is invariably done during the late win- ter or early s
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